The absolute timing of the high-harmonic attosecond pulse train with respect to the generating IR pump cycle has been measured for the first time. The attosecond pulses occur 190+/-20 as after each pump field maxima (twice per optical cycle), in agreement with the "short" quantum path of the quasiclassical model of harmonic generation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.063901 | DOI Listing |
We have demonstrated highly sensitive single-shot based background-free mid-infrared (MIR) absorption spectroscopy using sub-cycle MIR pulses generated through filamentation. The MIR pulse transmitted through a sample was upconverted with a fast rising and long tailing gate pulse through four-wave difference frequency generation in a silicon membrane. By recording the upconverted spectrum of the free induction decay alone, we successfully measured the absorption spectrum as a positive signal in the wavenumber range from 500 to 4500 cm, which covers both the fingerprint and functional group regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
September 2024
Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.
The generation of laser pulses with controlled optical waveforms, and their measurement, lie at the heart of both time-domain and frequency-domain precision metrology. Here, we obtain mid-infrared waves via intra-pulse difference-frequency generation (IPDFG) driven by 16-femtosecond near-infrared pulses, and characterise the jitter of sub-cycle fractions of these waves relative to the gate pulses using electro-optic sampling (EOS). We demonstrate sub-attosecond temporal jitter at individual zero-crossings and sub-0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
August 2024
Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, India.
We show a new class of optical silk torsion pendulum (TOP) with zepto-Newton-meter (zNm) sensitivity achieved by exploiting hitherto unknown ultrasoft twist response of tough silk fibers in ultrahigh vacuum. We demonstrate several macroscopic microgram TOPs using three different silk types showing 6 orders of magnitude wide range of sensitivity calibrated using up to zNm optical torques. Remarkably, a nanoscale diameter capture silk exhibits about 20 fNm/rad torsion constant with low damping and responds to sub-400 zNm impulses over many oscillation cycles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Occup Saf Ergon
September 2024
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
This study aimed to investigate the consistency between results of the American Conference for Governmental Occupational Hygienists (ACGIH) threshold limit value (TLV) for hand activity and proposed action levels of objective measurements in risk assessments of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Wrist velocities and forearm muscular load were measured for 11 assemblers during one working day. Simultaneously, each assembler's hand activity level (HAL) during three sub-cycles was rated twice on two separate occasions by two experts, using a HAL scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
July 2024
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
As a key component for next-generation wireless communications (6 G and beyond), terahertz (THz) electronic oscillators are being actively developed. Precise and dynamic phase control of ultrafast THz waveforms is essential for high-speed beam steering and high-capacity data transmission. However, measurement and control of such ultrafast dynamic process is beyond the scope of electronics due to the limited bandwidth of the electronic equipment.
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