Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an ischemia-induced proliferative retinopathy, which affects premature infants with low birth weight. It is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in children, and shares pathophysiological characteristics with other common ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, central vein occlusion, and age-related macular degeneration. Pathologically similar inherited diseases such as Norrie disease suggest a possible genetic component in the susceptibility to ROP. The process of retinal neovascularization in ROP and in animal models of oxygen-induced retinopathy is complex, and involves angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, and basement membrane components. Potential medical therapies for ROP, including modulators of angiogenic factors, inhibitors of basement membrane changes, endogenous inhibitors such as pigment epithelium derived factor, and anti-inflammatory drugs, have shown efficacy against neovascularization in several animal models. Some of these therapies are in clinical trials now for diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration, and in the future may prove efficacious for the treatment of ROP.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00129785-200303040-00004 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Systemic regulation of retinal medium-chain fatty acid oxidation repletes TCA cycle flux in oxygen-induced retinopathy.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Activation of anaplerosis takes away glutamine from the biosynthetic pathways to the energy-producing TCA cycle. Especially, induction of hyperoxia driven anaplerosis in neurovascular tissues such as the retina during early stages of development could deplete biosynthetic precursors from newly proliferating endothelial cells impeding physiological angiogenesis and leading to vasoobliteration. Using an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model, we investigated the metabolic differences between OIR-resistant BALB/cByJ and OIR susceptible C57BL/6J strains at system levels to understand the molecular underpinnings that potentially contribute to hyperoxia-induced vascular abnormalities in the neural retina.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrinary Acetaminophen Metabolites and Clinical Outcomes in Extremely Premature Infants.
Am J Perinatol
January 2025
Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
Objective: Extremely premature infants are treated with acetaminophen (APAP) for pain and patent ductus arteriosus. High doses of APAP in adults are toxic, and a recent study found an association between APAP metabolite levels in mothers' breast milk and both bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in their premature infants. In this study, we determined levels of APAP metabolites in urine of infants at high risk for BPD and ROP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoveal Avascular Zone development by OCTA: weighing the influence of Gestational Age and neonatal early growth independently of Retinopathy of Prematurity.
Retina
December 2024
Pediatrics Department. Alvaro Cunqueiro University Hospital, 36313 Vigo, Spain. Galicia Sur Health Research Institute.
Purpose: Focusing the premature birth and its potential complications, this study analyzes Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) and its correlation with the severity of prematurity and neonatal growth.
Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was performed, involving 71 children school-age with history of prematurity and a full-term children control group. Several variables from the neonatal period were collected, such as Gestational Age (GA), Birth Weight (BW), initial Weight Gain (WG) and Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP).
Safety and Efficacy of Combination Therapy with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Laser for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Clin Ophthalmol
January 2025
Magrabi Hospitals and Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined laser and anti-VEGF therapy for (retinopathy of prematurity ROP), focusing on both structural and functional outcomes.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in multiple databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated combination therapy for ROP. The PRISMA guidelines were followed.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease, with its own clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics, which mainly affects premature newborns, resulting from a combination of factors that include immaturity, inflammation and lung injury, in addition to therapy with mechanical ventilation and exposure to high concentrations of oxygen. However, even with advances in care for critically ill newborns, BPD continues to be a challenge for the care team and family members. This has been identified as one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality due to prematurity, and can have significant impacts on the quality of life of the affected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!