Background: The concept of psychological well-being has been neglected for a long time in scientific literature. Over the last decades, however, many psychometric instruments have been developed to measure it. The aim of the present study was to analyze the concept of psychological well-being and its relationship to distress and personality traits. It is clinically and empirically important to establish where the measures of well-being are located in relation to symptomatology indices and personality traits.
Methods: A sample of 450 subjects in the general population completed three self-rating scales for the assessment of symptomatology (Kellner's Symptom Questionnaire), psychological well-being (Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales, PWB), and personality traits (Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire). The assessment was repeated after 1 month. Pearson's coefficient was used to analyze PWB test-retest reliability and correlations between well-being, distress and personality indicators. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for both assessments.
Results: Test-retest Pearson's coefficients were satisfactory for all six PWB scales. Exploratory factor analyses showed a 4- or 5-factor structure, where well-being, distress and personality remained separated. PWB scales were negatively and significantly correlated with all symptom scales, but only with one personality dimension, TPQ Harm Avoidance. Mean-level differences by gender showed that in general women significantly presented with lower levels of well-being (except in Positive Relations) and higher levels of distress and personality disturbances.
Conclusions: The results suggest that the relationship of well-being to distress and personality is complex. Psychological well-being could not be equated with the absence of symptomatology or with personality traits. PWB scales measure an attitude toward optimal functioning that is crucial for a comprehensive consideration of individuals in clinical settings.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000071898 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Simple Auto-Associative Networks Succeed at Universal Generalization of the Identity Function and Reduplication Rule.
Cogn Sci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Binghamton University.
It has become widely accepted that standard connectionist models are unable to show identity-based relational reasoning that requires universal generalization. The purpose of this brief report is to show how one of the simplest forms of such models, feed-forward auto-associative networks, satisfies two of the most well-known challenges: universal generalization of the identity function and the reduplication rule. Given the simplicity of the modeling account provided, along with the clarity of the evidence, these demonstrations invite a shift in this high-profile debate over the nature of cognitive architecture and point to a way to bridge some of the presumed gulf between characteristically symbolic forms of reasoning and connectionist mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOn the Measurement of Episodic Empowerment.
Br J Soc Psychol
January 2025
School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
This article reports the development and validation of the Episodic Empowerment Scale (EES): A manipulation check designed to measure a momentary psychological state. In Study 1, participants (n = 125) completed a selection of candidate items after being exposed to a low- or high-power manipulation. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the number of items to a brief five-item measure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-Injection Composite Tracer Achieves Intraoperative Dual-Tracing and Precise Localization of Sentinel Lymph Nodes.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China.
The use of dual-tracer contrast agents in clinical applications, such as sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification, offers significant advantages including enhanced accuracy, sensitivity, as well as comprehensive and multimodal visualization. In the current clinical practice, SLNs are typically marked prior to surgical resection by multiple and sequential injections of two tracers, the radioactive tracer and methylene blue (MB) dye. This imposes physical and psychological burden on patients and medical staff.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSexual Abuse as a Cause of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in a Bisexual Adolescent Indonesian: A Case Report.
HIV AIDS (Auckl)
January 2025
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Sexual abuse is any non-consensual sexual act or behavior using force, with significant concern in "men who have sex with men" (MSM), and younger individuals. The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) is also prevalent in the cases of sexual abuse in this population, showing the need for comprehensive medical and psychological intervention. This study presents a case of a 15-year-old Indonesian MSM adolescent who experienced three forced sexual intercourse with a mid-thirties male friend 6 months before the consultation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Study of Adolescent Resilience (SOAR): a research protocol.
Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry
March 2024
Military Population Health Directorate, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, United States.
Background: Adolescence is a particularly sensitive period of development for military-connected youth, given the socioemotional and physical changes that occur against the backdrop of the military career of their parent(s). Military-connected adolescents face unique stressors relative to their civilian counterparts, such as military relocations, parental absence due to deployments and trainings, and parental military-related physical and mental injury. These stressors may change family dynamics and disrupt social support networks, which can have lasting implications for adolescent health and well-being.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!