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Effectiveness of an External Cooling and Vibrating Device vs Counterstimulation in Reducing Discomfort of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Pediatric Dental Patients: A Single-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
December 2024
Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India.
Background: Pain management in pediatric patients during dental procedures is very important. Here, the traditional method of behavior management is compared with novel methods.
Aim: To compare and determine the effectiveness of an external cooling and vibrating device vs counterstimulation with the conventional technique in reducing the fear and discomfort of pediatric dental patients aged 5-7 years during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB).
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Effect of Melanin Concentration on Light-Tissue Interactions in Reflectance Pulse Oximetry.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
Over the past ten years, there has been an increasing demand for reliable consumer wearables as users are inclined to monitor their health and fitness metrics in real-time, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Reflectance pulse oximeters in fitness trackers and smartwatches provide convenient, non-invasive SpO measurements but face challenges in achieving medical-grade accuracy, particularly due to difficulties in capturing physiological signals, which may be affected by skin pigmentation. Hence, this study sets out to investigate the influence of skin pigmentation, particularly in individuals with darker skin, on the accuracy and reliability of SpO measurement in consumer wearables that utilise reflectance pulse oximeters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of the Effect of Skin Pigmentation and Oxygen Saturation on Monte Carlo-Simulated Reflectance Photoplethysmography Signals.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
The effect of skin pigmentation on photoplethysmography and, specifically, pulse oximetry has recently received a significant amount of attention amongst researchers, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. With most computational studies observing overestimation of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO) in individuals with darker skin, this study seeks to further investigate the root causes of these discrepancies. This study analysed intensity changes from Monte Carlo-simulated reflectance PPG signals across light, moderate, and dark skin types at oxygen saturations of 70% and 100% in MATLAB R2024a.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulse oximetry at two sensor placement sites in conscious foals.
Acta Vet Scand
January 2025
Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Background: Pulse oximetry has not been thoroughly evaluated for assessment of oxygenation in conscious foals. Compared with invasive arterial blood sampling, it is a painless and non-invasive method for real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the usability, validity, and reliability of pulse oximetry at two measuring sites (lip and caudal abdominal skin fold) for blood oxygen saturation measurement in conscious foals with and without respiratory compromise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Wearable Prototype Measuring PtcCO and SpO.
IEEE Biomed Circuits Syst Conf
October 2024
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
The proper functioning of the respiratory system is evaluated by monitoring the exchange of blood oxygen and carbon dioxide. While wearable devices for monitoring both blood oxygen and carbon dioxide are emerging, wearable carbon dioxide monitors remain relatively rare. This paper introduces a novel wearable prototype that integrates the measurement of transcutaneous carbon dioxide and peripheral blood oxygen saturation on a miniaturized custom-designed printed circuit board.
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