Purpose: This study was designed to determine the long-term outcome of forceps delivery in terms of evidence of anal sphincter injury and the incidence of fecal and urinary incontinence.
Methods: Women who delivered in 1964 were evaluated by using endoanal ultrasound, manometry, and a continence questionnaire. Women delivered by forceps were matched with the next normal delivery and elective cesarean delivery in the birth register.
Results: The women's overall obstetric history was evaluated. Women who had ever had a forceps delivery (n = 42) had a significantly higher incidence of sphincter rupture compared with women who had only unassisted vaginal deliveries (n = 41) and elective cesarean sections (n = 6) (44 vs. 22 vs. 0 percent; chi-squared 7.09; P = 0.03). There was no significant difference in the incidence of significant fecal incontinence between the three groups (14 vs. 10 vs. 0 percent) or significant urinary incontinence (7 vs. 19 vs. 0 percent).
Conclusion: Anal sphincter injury was associated with forceps delivery in the past; however, significant fecal and urinary incontinence was not.
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