Electrochemical tagging of urate: developing new redox probes.

Analyst

School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK GU2 7XH.

Published: July 2003

The electro-oxidation of uric acid in the presence of nucleophilic species is shown to produce conjugates that can aid our understanding of antioxidant interactions and also provide opportunities for advancing electroanalytical detection strategies involving purine species.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b303399fDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

electrochemical tagging
4
tagging urate
4
urate developing
4
developing redox
4
redox probes
4
probes electro-oxidation
4
electro-oxidation uric
4
uric acid
4
acid presence
4
presence nucleophilic
4

Similar Publications

Proteases are overexpressed at various stages of conditions such as cancers and thus can serve as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Electrochemical techniques to detect the activity of extracellular proteases have gained attraction due to their multiplexing capability. Here we employ an electrochemical approach based on a 3 × 3 gold (Au) microelectrode array (MEA) functionalized with (2-aminoethyl)ferrocene (AEF) tagged specific peptide substrates to monitor cathepsin B (CB) protease activity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence from Ruthenium-Tagged Immune Complex at Flexible Chains for Sensitive Analysis of Glutamate Decarboxylase Antibody.

Biosensors (Basel)

January 2025

State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210092, China.

Herein, a sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor is designed by immobilizing ruthenium-tagged immune complexes at flexible poly-ethylene-glycol (PEG) chains on the electrode surface, which offers more freedom for the collision of the ruthenium complex at the electrode during the initial ECL reaction. The electrochemical characterizations confirm the loose structure of the assembled layer with the immune complex, providing an increase in the current and the resultant enhanced ECL emissions. Comparing the sensors with the rigid structure, a 34-fold increase in the maximal ECL emission is recorded when PEG3400 is used as a linker.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Herein, we present an efficient approach for developing electrochemical aptasensing interfaces, by "click" postfunctionalization of phenylethynyl-grafted glassy carbon substrates with mixed monolayers containing biorecognition elements and phosphorylcholine zwitterionic groups. Typically, controlling the composition of multicomponent surface layers by grafting from a mixture of aryldiazonium salts is challenging due to differences in their chemical reactivity. Our approach circumvents this issue by employing the electrochemical reduction of a single aryldiazonium salt containing a silyl-protected alkyne group followed by deprotection, to create phenylethynyl monolayers which can subsequently accommodate the concurrent immobilization of bioreceptors and zwitterionic groups through "click" postfunctionalization.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In order to identify carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum samples, an innovative smartphone-based, label-free electrochemical immunosensor was created without the need for additional labels or markers. This technology presents a viable method for on-site cancer diagnostics. The novel smartphone-integrated, label-free immunosensing platform was constructed by nanostructured materials that utilize the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique, allowing for meticulous control over the interface.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The catalysis of nonredox reactions by external electric fields is one of the most rapidly expanding areas of chemistry. The Menshutkin reaction, a classic example of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S2), involves the conversion of a tertiary amine to a quaternary ammonium salt by coupling it with an alkyl halide. The reaction barrier of the Menshutkin reaction is theoretically predicted to be highly sensitive to the magnitude and direction of an external electric field experienced by the transition state.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!