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Dopamine Transporter and Gene Relationships with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Response in the Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine Crossover Study.
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol
December 2024
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Few biological or clinical predictors guide medication selection and/or dosing for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Accumulating data suggest that genetic factors may contribute to clinically relevant pharmacodynamic (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDutch pharmacogenetics working group (DPWG) guideline for the gene-drug interaction of CYP2D6 and COMT with atomoxetine and methylphenidate.
Eur J Hum Genet
December 2023
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wilhelmina Hospital, Assen, The Netherlands.
Pharmacogenetics (PGx) studies the effect of heritable genetic variation on drug response. Clinical adoption of PGx has remained limited, despite progress in the field. To promote implementation, the Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) develops evidence-based guidelines on how to optimize pharmacotherapy based on PGx test results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterisation of seven medications approved for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using models of hepatic metabolism.
Xenobiotica
July 2022
Myriad Genetics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
The metabolism of most medications approved for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not fully understood. studies using cryopreserved, plated human hepatocytes (cPHHs) and pooled human liver microsomes (HLMs) were performed to more thoroughly characterise the metabolism of several ADHD medications.The use of enzyme-specific chemical inhibitors indicated a role for CYP2D6 in atomoxetine (ATX) metabolism, and roles for CYP3A4/5 in guanfacine (GUA) metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-treatment symptomatic improvement of the eastern Indian ADHD probands is influenced by genetic variations.
Drug Metab Pers Ther
March 2023
Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, Manovikas Kendra, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the genetic variations linked to ADHD and their impact on treatment responses to medications like methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX) in Indian subjects.
- It identifies specific genetic markers, particularly rs1065852 and rs1135840, that are associated with ADHD traits and treatment outcomes, revealing bias in parental transmission and symptom improvement connected to these variations.
- The findings suggest that individuals with certain genetic profiles may respond better to specific ADHD medications, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches based on genetic factors.
The Pharmacogenetic Impact on the Pharmacokinetics of ADHD Medications.
Methods Mol Biol
September 2022
Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Duluth, MN, USA.
ADHD is a common condition in both children and adults. The most prescribed medications for the treatment of ADHD include methylphenidate, mixed amphetamine salts, atomoxetine, guanfacine, and clonidine. While each of these medications have their own distinct pharmacokinetic profile, the extent to which pharmacogenetics effects their pharmacokinetic parameters is best described in atomoxetine, followed by methylphenidate.
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