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Background: Neonatal sepsis remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among neonates in developing countries. It can cause severe morbidities and sequelae, even though patients survive. Prolonged recovery time of neonatal sepsis leads to hospitalization, increased cost of treatments, antimicrobial resistance, disseminated intravascular coagulation, respiratory failure, septic shock, brain lesions, renal failure, and cardiovascular dysfunction, and eventually death.

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Determinants of Neonatal Mortality at a Referral Paediatric Hospital in Angola: A Case-Control Study Using Theoretical Frameworks.

Int J Environ Res Public Health

November 2024

Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.

Neonatal mortality rates in developing countries are influenced by a complex array of factors. Despite advancements in healthcare, Angola has one of the highest neonatal mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa, with significant contributors including premature birth, intrapartum events, tetanus, and sepsis. This study, utilizing key theoretical frameworks such as intersectionality, social determinants of health (SDOH), and ecosocial theory, aimed to identify the primary causes and contributing factors of neonatal mortality among infants admitted to the Neonatology Service at DBPH in Luanda from May 2022 to June 2023.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates the relationship between vitamin D levels and neonatal sepsis by comparing serum vitamin D in 30 term neonates with sepsis to 30 healthy neonates.
  • - Results showed that neonates with sepsis had significantly lower vitamin D levels (16.0 ng/mL) than the control group (29.07 ng/mL), and certain clinical factors like mode of delivery and resuscitation needs differed between groups.
  • - The findings suggest a strong link between vitamin D deficiency and increased severity of sepsis, indicating that low vitamin D may contribute to worse outcomes in affected neonates.
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Group B streptococcal infections in pregnancy and early life.

Clin Microbiol Rev

November 2024

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

SUMMARYBacterial infections with Group B (GBS) are an important cause of adverse outcomes in pregnant individuals, neonates, and infants. GBS is a common commensal in the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts and can be detected in the vagina of approximately 20% of women globally. GBS can infect the fetus either during pregnancy or vaginal delivery resulting in preterm birth, stillbirth, or early-onset neonatal disease (EOD) in the first week of life.

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