PET Oncology Group, Department of Cancer Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Published: May 2003
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly being used in anticancer drug development. The technique is applicable to studies of drug delivery, and where specific probes are available, to provide pharmacodynamic readouts noninvasively in patients. Mathematical modeling of the imaging data enhances the quality of information that is obtained from such studies. This section provides a review of the PET methodologies that have been used for the development of new cancer therapies. Other than imaging of radiolabeled drugs, PET modeling has found extensive application in studies with 2-[11C]thymidine, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose, H2(15)O, C15O, and receptor ligands.
Purpose: Brain [18F]FDG-PET is a supportive biomarker for cognitive impairment in Lewy bodies disease (LBD) showing reduced occipital metabolism and presence of the cingulate island sign (CIS), a relative preservation of posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) metabolism compared with precuneus and cuneus. We assess validation, clinical utility, and reproducibility of a qualitative visual CIS scale in the differential diagnosis with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a memory clinic setting.
Methods: Sixty-seven patients were studied: 36 LBD, of whom 30 with dementia (DLB) and 6 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI-LB), and 31 AD (20 typical and 11 atypical presentations).
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose [F]FDG positron emission tomography (PET-CT) radiomic parameters in relation to KRAS/BRAF/EGFR mutations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Methods: Blood samples were collected from 90 mCRC patients to assess KRAS G13V, BRAF V600E, and EGFR exon 20 mutations. [F]FDG PET-CT scans were performed, and radiomic parameters, including the SUV max, max TBR, total MTV, and total TLG, were calculated and correlated with different genotypes and haplotypes of the aforementioned mutations.
Background: In the back projection step of the 3D PET reconstruction, all Lines of Responses (LORs) that go through a given voxel need to be identified and included in an integral. The standard Monte Carlo solution to this task samples stochastically the surfaces of the detector crystals and the volume of the voxel to search for valid LORs. To get a low noise Monte Carlo estimate, the number of samples needs to be very high, making the computational cost of the projection significant.
Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address:
In a recent study, Haas, Bravo, and colleagues integrated optogenetic stimulation with simultaneous functional in vivo positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in rats. By activating the nigrostriatal pathway in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), they observed concurrent metabolic and hemodynamic fluctuations associated with the dopaminergic pathway in living animals at the whole-brain level.
An 80-year-old woman presented with blood-stained sputum. Computed tomography revealed the presence of multiple lung nodules. The patient underwent surgery for left breast cancer at 48 years of age.
