The natural occurrence of aflatoxin was investigated in layer feed and corn samples brought to Konya Veterinary Control and Research Institute Laboratory between 15 April and 15 December 2002. Seventy-eight samples (52 feeds, 26 corn samples) were analysed for total aflatoxin (B1 + B2 + G1 + G2) by an ELISA screening method. Aflatoxin contamination was deter-mined in 37 feed samples (71.1%) and 15 corn samples (57.7%), with a range of 1.5-133 microg kg(-1). However, a majority of the aflatoxin contamination was less than 5 microg kg(-1) (50% within the positive samples). Two feed samples and two corn samples exceeded the maximum tolerated levels in feed (20 microg kg(-1)) and feedstuffs (50 microg kg(-1)) for total flatoxin.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652030303842 | DOI Listing |
Plant Dis
January 2025
USDA-ARS North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, Brookings, South Dakota, United States;
Soilborne diseases are persistent problems in soybean production. Long-term crop rotation can contribute to soilborne disease management. However, the response of soilborne pathogens to crop rotation is inconsistent, and rotation efficacy is highly variable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031 Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China.
The protracted and immoderate utilization of chemical fertilizers has been detrimental to the composition of fungi in the soil and quality of crops. To ameliorate the adverse effects, a 6-year positioning experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of substituting 0 % (CF), 25 % (M25), 50 % (M50), 75 % (M75), and 100 % (M100) of 225 kg ha chemical fertilizer nitrogen with manure nitrogen on both soil fungi and maize quality. This study showed that the expansion of Aspergillus heterocaryoticus, Xerochrysium dermatitidis, and Aspergillus penicillioides contributed to heightened levels of amylose and soluble sugars.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
January 2025
Departamento de Fitotecnia, Instituto de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo 56230, Estado de México, Mexico.
A synthetic variety (SV) of maize may not become stable if the sample size representing each parental line (m) is small. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of m on the inbreeding coefficient (IC) of the SV (FSynL) and on the stability of its genetic constitution. An SV formed by randomly mating l unrelated lines whose inbreeding coefficient is F was considered, and a random sample was taken from the genotypic array of the progeny produced by selfing a parental line A1A2 (GA) This sample was visualized as a set of g groups of four plants whose genotypes are all four of the GA and e represented the number of plants that failed to form a group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece.
Olive cake was incorporated at a low inclusion rate (3.7%) into the rations of dairy cows through partial substitution of maize, and its effects on milk production, general health, and fertility traits were investigated. Multiparous purebred Holstein dairy cows (n = 148) were divided into two groups: a treated group (n = 86) and a control group (n = 62).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
January 2025
Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
The fast detection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) adulteration with poorer quality and lower price vegetable oils is important for the protection of consumers and the market of olive oil from fraudulent activities, the latter exhibiting an increasing trend worldwide during the last few years. In this work, two optical spectroscopic techniques, namely, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, are employed and are assessed for EVOO adulteration detection, using the same set of olive oil samples. In total, 184 samples were studied, including 40 EVOOs and 144 binary mixtures with pomace, soybean, corn, and sunflower oils, at various concentrations (ranging from 10 to 90% /).
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