The oncosuppressive effect of melatonin on 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) induced rat mammary tumorigenesis led us to assess its possible modulatory influence on representative hepatic and mammary drug metabolizing enzymes in DMBA treated female Holtzman rats, reared in short and long photoperiods. Melatonin treated rats in either photoperiod showed a significant induction in hepatic and mammary levels of glutathione (GSH) and cytosolic activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) when compared with the corresponding controls, along with a significant drop in hepatic microsomal contents of cytochromes b5 and P450. This induction of GSH and GST, and depletion of cytochromes b5 and P450 by melatonin may possibly be related to its anticarcinogenic potential in this tumor model.
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