Study Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of modafinil in combating opioid-induced sedation.
Design: A 1-year retrospective chart review of all patients receiving modafinil, a wake-promoting agent, to treat opioid-induced sedation. Opioid-induced sedation was measured using Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
Setting: Outpatient, private practice.
Patients: Eleven adult patients, six female and five male, being treated with opioids for chronic, nonmalignant pain.
Results: A significant decrease was observed between pretreatment and posttreatment ESS measurements during modafinil treatment.
Conclusion: The results suggest an improvement in opioid-induced sedation in patients treated for nonmalignant pain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03014.x | DOI Listing |
Anesthesiology
January 2025
Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA.
Background: Orexin neuropeptides help regulate sleep/wake states, respiration, and pain. However, their potential role in regulating breathing, particularly in perioperative settings, is not well understood. TAK-925 (danavorexton), a novel, orexin receptor 2-selective agonist, directly activates neurons associated with respiratory control in the brain and improves respiratory parameters in rodents undergoing fentanyl-induced sedation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Vet Res
November 2024
Département De Sciences Cliniques, Faculté De Médecine Vétérinaire, Université De Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
Objective: To evaluate if opioid-induced behavioral effects, such as sedation, can be detected using a shuttle box experimental apparatus and whether thermal preference following noxious stimulation using mustard oil is reversed by morphine administration in fish.
Methods: 5 goldfish (Carassius auratus) underwent 2 randomized blinded experimental trials, with a crossover study design. First, opioid effects were tested in a shuttle box without painful stimulus.
Anesth Analg
August 2024
Department of Anesthesia, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Background: Ataxic breathing (AB) is a well-known manifestation of opioid effects in animals and humans, but is not routinely included in monitoring for opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD). We quantified AB in normal volunteers receiving increasing doses of remifentanil. We used a support vector machine (SVM) learning approach with features derived from a modified Poincaré plot.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterol Nurs
August 2024
Stacey C. Tobin, PhD, is a Senior Medical Writer at The Tobin Touch, Inc., Arlington Heights, Illinois.
Gastroenterology nurses working across a variety of clinical settings are responsible for periprocedural monitoring during moderate to deep procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) to identify signs of respiratory compromise and intervene to prevent cardiorespiratory events. Pulse oximetry is the standard of care for respiratory monitoring, but it may delay or fail to detect abnormal ventilation during PSA. Continuous capnography, which measures end-tidal CO2 as a marker of alveolar ventilation, has been endorsed by a number of clinical guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScand J Gastroenterol
September 2024
Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Objective: Chronic diarrhea affects approximately 5% of the population. Opioids inhibit gastrointestinal motility, and opium tincture has shown anti-propulsive effects in healthy, but no controlled studies of its clinical efficacy exist. We aimed to investigate the anti-propulsive and central nervous system (CNS) effects of opium tincture in patients with chronic diarrhea.
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