Extensive evidence supports oxidative stress (OS) via endogenous and exogenous agents as an important factor in induction of autoimmunity. OS arises from the immune system and other endogenous sources. The literature contains support for OS involvement of various drugs and other exogenous substances that produce the condition. Studies reveal prevention or amelioration by antioxidants.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557033487926 | DOI Listing |
iScience
February 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), consisting of Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors, cytosolic DNA sensors, and NOD-like receptors, sense exogenous pathogenic molecules and endogenous damage signals to maintain physiological homeostasis. Upon activation, PRRs stimulate the sensitization of nuclear factor κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, TANK-binding kinase 1-interferon (IFN) regulatory factor, and inflammasome signaling pathways to produce inflammatory factors and IFNs to activate Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways, resulting in anti-infection, antitumor, and other specific immune responses. Palmitoylation is a crucial type of post-translational modification that reversibly alters the localization, stability, and biological activity of target molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRes Pract Thromb Haemost
January 2025
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Inflammation is a driver of thrombosis, but the phenomenon of thromboinflammation has been defined only recently, bringing together the multiple pathways involved. models can support the development of new therapeutics targeting the endothelium and also assess the existing immunomodulatory drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine, in modulating the inflammation-driven endothelial prothrombotic phenotype.
Objectives: To develop a model for thrombin generation (TG) on the surface of human endothelial cells (ECs) to assess pro/antithrombotic properties in response to inflammation.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (RU069), Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, China.
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosine (mC) in DNA, contributing to the regulation of gene transcription. Diverse mutations of TET2 are frequently found in various blood cancers, yet the full scope of their functional consequences has been unexplored. Here, we report that a subset of TET2 mutations identified in leukemia patients alter the substrate specificity of TET2 from acting on mC to thymine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
The fate and degradation of organic matter in aquatic systems is a vital link in nutrient cycling and sedimentation processes influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors, such as inputs from upstream sources, sediment suspension, and the decomposition of aquatic organisms. The interplay of organic carbon, microbes, and environmental factors shapes the distribution and degradation of organic matter. Characterizing the source distribution of sedimentary organic matter in aquatic systems using novel proxies can unravel new insights into the mechanisms that control its dispersal, preservation and fate, which is essential to understanding the global carbon and nitrogen cycles.
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