Lipid rafts are liquid-ordered cholesterol and glycolipid-enriched membrane microdomains that act as sorting devices for the accumulation of acylated signaling molecules. Lipid rafts are implicated in receptor signaling, protein and membrane trafficking, cytoskeletal re-organization and the entry of infectious organisms into cells. Several recent studies have investigated the composition of the lipid raft proteome by mass spectrometry. Here, those studies and the insights they afford into raft function are reviewed. Lipid rafts contain hydrophobic proteins, posing problems of isolation, recovery and analysis. Recent advances in proteome preparation that extend the boundaries of protein detection in lipid rafts are described and their implications for the exploration of the functional proteome are discussed.
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Langmuir
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220, United States.
Solvent toxicity limits -butanol fermentation titer, increasing the cost and energy consumption for subsequent separation processes and making biobased production more expensive and energy-intensive than petrochemical approaches. Amphiphilic solvents such as -butanol partition into the cell membrane of fermenting microorganisms, thinning the transverse structure, and eventually causing a loss of membrane potential and cell death. In this work, we demonstrate the deleterious effects of -butanol partitioning upon the lateral dimension of the membrane structure, called membrane domains or lipid rafts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
January 2025
Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Plasma membranes are known to segregate into liquid disordered and ordered nanoscale phases, the latter being called lipid rafts. The structure, lipid composition, and function of lipid rafts have been the subject of numerous studies using a variety of experimental and computational methods. Double electron-electron resonance (DEER, also known as PELDOR) is a member of the pulsed dipole EPR spectroscopy (PDS) family of techniques, allowing the study of nanoscale distances between spin-labeled molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
November 2024
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UA16, 13015 Marseille, France.
Most studies on the docking of ivermectin on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 concern the receptor binding domain (RBD) and, more precisely, the RBD interface recognized by the ACE2 receptor. The N-terminal domain (NTD), which controls the initial attachment of the virus to lipid raft gangliosides, has not received the attention it deserves. In this study, we combined molecular modeling and physicochemical approaches to analyze the mode of interaction of ivermectin with the interface of the NTD-facing lipid rafts of the host cell membrane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Aging and apolipoprotein E4 () are the two most significant risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Compared to , disrupts cholesterol homeostasis, increases cholesteryl esters (CEs), and exacerbates neuroinflammation in brain cells, including microglia. Targeting CEs and neuroinflammation could be a novel strategy to ameliorate -dependent phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint swelling, pain, and bone remodeling. We previously reported that autotaxin (ATX) deficiency disrupts lipid rafts in macrophages. Lipid raft disruption results in the dysregulation of RANK signaling, which is crucial for osteoclastogenesis and the pathogenesis of RA.
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