This article will provide an overview of some of the known functions of a recently discovered hormone, amylin, a partner hormone to insulin. Studies indicate that amylin has a role in the postmeal glucose regulation through effects on glucagon secretion, nutrient delivery and food intake. Three hormones--amylin, glucagon and insulin--are a critical part of postmeal glucose regulation. The interaction of these hormones and their role in the regulation of postmeal glucose concentrations is the subject of this article.
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Am J Clin Nutr
January 2025
Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) are used to characterize postprandial glucose responses and provide personalized dietary advice to minimize glucose excursions. The efficacy of such advice depends on reliable glucose responses.
Objectives: To explore within-subject variability of CGM responses to duplicate presented meals in an inpatient setting.
Diabetes Metab
December 2024
Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Canada; Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Canada; Endocrinology Division and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Canada. Electronic address:
Objective: We investigated strategies to mitigate hypoglycemic risk during and after different aerobic exercises in people with type 1 diabetes (pwT1D) using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.
Research Design And Methods: Thirty-seven pwT1D (21 adults, 16 adolescents; HbA1c = 7.5 ± 1.
Am J Clin Nutr
November 2024
Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background: The postprandial glucose response (PPGR), contributing to the glycemic variability (GV), is positively associated with cardiovascular disease risk in people without diabetes, and can thus represent a target for cardiometabolic prevention strategies.
Objectives: The study aimed to distinguish patterns of PPGR after a single nonstandardized meal and to evaluate their relationship with the habitual diet and the daily glucose profile (DGP) in individuals at high-cardiometabolic risk.
Methods: Baseline 4-d continuous glucose monitoring was performed in 159 adults recruited in the MEDGI-Carb trial.
Biomedicines
November 2024
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Background: Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as an early modification involved in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean Diet (MD) is associated with endothelial function improvement and, in turn, plays an important role in atherosclerosis development and progression.
Objectives: To evaluate both acute and sustained effects of the MD on endothelial function in patients with high cardiometabolic risk.
Diabetes Metab Syndr
December 2024
Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia. Electronic address:
Aims: Investigate the effects of breakfast timing on postprandial glycaemia in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the impact of a 20-min walk after breakfast.
Methods: Eleven adults with T2D (57 ± 7 y; HbA1c 7.4 ± 1%) participated in a six-week randomised crossover controlled trial comprising three 4-day conditions: Early (0700 h), Mid (0930 h) and Delayed (1200 h).
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