A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 3100

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Therapeutic induction of arteriogenesis in hypoperfused rat brain via granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), particularly granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), were tested for their ability to induce arteriogenesis in a rat model with brain artery occlusions, showing notable improvements in artery growth.* -
  • In the study, GM-CSF-treated rats exhibited a quicker increase in the diameter of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) compared to saline-treated rats, with a 72% increase after one week versus a 39% increase in the control group.* -
  • Functional benefits were also observed in GM-CSF-treated animals, including better CO2 reactivity and a higher presence of macrophages in the PCA, indicating enhanced brain blood flow dynamics.*

Article Abstract

Background: Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have been shown to effectively induce arteriogenesis in the hindlimb. Moreover, clinical trials demonstrated positive effects of CSFs on arteriogenesis in patients with coronary artery disease. However, patients with cerebrovascular disease have not yet profited from treatments aimed at the growth of brain vessels. Thus far, angiogenesis studies have failed to demonstrate improvement of stroke outcome. Arteriogenesis differs from angiogenesis in that it substitutes arterial collaterals for the occluded artery.

Methods And Results: We tested in a novel brain arteriogenesis rat model (occlusion of vertebral plus left carotid artery [3-VO]) the application of CSFs or saline over 7 or 21 days. On 3-VO postmortem, latex perfusion demonstrated a time- and treatment-dependent arteriogenesis of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA). In saline-treated animals, the PCA diameter increased by 39%; in granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF-treated animals, this increase was significantly faster (72% after 1 week). Functionally, saline-treated animals exhibited a decline of CO2 reactivity (mm Hg) from 1.48% to 0.1% compared with GM-CSF-treated animals (1.43% arterial pCo2 change after 1 week). This difference remained significant after 3 weeks. This functional improvement correlated with increased numbers of CD68-positive macrophages in histological sections of the PCA in GM-CSF--treated animals and only a few macrophages in saline-treated animals.

Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stimulation of arteriogenesis in the brain. The subcutaneous application of GM-CSF led to functional improvement of brain hemodynamic parameters.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000074209.17561.99DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

saline-treated animals
8
gm-csf-treated animals
8
functional improvement
8
arteriogenesis
7
brain
5
animals
5
therapeutic induction
4
induction arteriogenesis
4
arteriogenesis hypoperfused
4
hypoperfused rat
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: