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Outer hair cells stir cochlear fluids.
Elife
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States.
We hypothesized that active outer hair cells drive cochlear fluid circulation. The hypothesis was tested by delivering the neurotoxin, kainic acid, to the intact round window of young gerbil cochleae while monitoring auditory responses in the cochlear nucleus. Sounds presented at a modest level significantly expedited kainic acid delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-canonical Roles of Complement in the CNS: From Synaptic Organizer to Presynaptic Modulator of Glutamate Transmission.
Curr Neuropharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy.
The central nervous system (CNS) is not an immune-privileged compartment, but it is intimately intertwined with the immune system. Among the components shared by the two compartments is the complement, a main constituent of innate immunity, which is also produced centrally and controls the development and organization of synaptic connections. Complement is considered a doubled-faced system that, besides controlling the physiological development of the central network, also subserves synaptic engulfment pivotal to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulation of MAP2, GFAP, and calcium in the CA3 Region Following Kainic Acid Exposure to organotypic hippocampal slice culture.
F1000Res
January 2025
Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences, Islamic University of Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Background: Neurodegeneration due to neurotoxicity is one of the phenomena in temporal lobe epilepsy. Experimentally, hippocampal excitotoxicity process can occur due to kainic acid exposure, especially in the CA3 area. Neuronal death, astrocyte reactivity and increased calcium also occur in hippocampal excitotoxicity, but few studies have investigated immediate effect after kainic acid exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarine-derived bioactive compounds for neuropathic pain: pharmacology and therapeutic potential.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India.
Neuropathic pain, a challenging condition often associated with diabetes, trauma, or chemotherapy, impairs patients' quality of life. Current treatments often provide inconsistent relief and notable adverse effects, highlighting the urgent need for safer and more effective alternatives. This review investigates marine-derived bioactive compounds as potential novel therapies for neuropathic pain management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivation of glutamine synthetase (GS) as a new strategy for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other GS-related diseases.
Acta Pharmacol Sin
January 2025
Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tyrosine Peptide Multiuse Research Group, Anti-aging Bio Cell Factory Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
Glutamine synthetase (GS) plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of the glutamate-glutamine cycle in the brain. Hypoactive GS causes depressive behaviors. Under chronic stress, GS has no change in expression, but its activity is decreased due to nitration of tyrosine (Tyr).
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