The adrenal gland provides a model system for the study of tissue remodeling in endocrine physiology. For example, proper adrenal development requires proliferation of the adrenogonadal primordia, separation of adrenal and gonadal precursors, and cell migration that unites the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. In the adult, normal adrenal function is assured by the adrenal gland's unique capacity for growth in response to both tissue injury and physiological demand. Identification of the molecular and genetic programs underlying tissue remodeling in the adrenal is important for understanding basic aspects of development and regeneration, as well as adrenal disease. Here, we will highlight the roles that nuclear receptors and pituitary hormones play in regulating fetal adrenal development and adult adrenal growth. In addition, we will review the most current data on how extracellular signaling pathways are coupled to the function of these important regulators of adrenal development and function.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03210.x | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Constance, Fach 905, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany.
Adverse early-life experiences alter the regulation of major stress systems such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Low early-life maternal care (MC) has repeatedly been related to blunted cortisol stress responses. Likewise, an acutely increased awareness of mortality (mortality salience [MS]) also has been shown to blunt cortisol responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Med Interne
January 2025
Service de médecine interne, centre national de référence des syndromes drépanocytaires majeurs de l'adulte, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm U1163, laboratoire « Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires des désordres hématologiques et implications thérapeutiques », institut Imagine, université Paris-Cité, 75015 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de santé, université Paris-Cité, 75006 Paris, France. Electronic address:
Introduction: Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is very rarely described during sickle cell disease (SCD). Our aim was to describe six cases of EMH occurring in adult SCD patients and to conduct a literature review.
Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, and monocentric study, identifying all cases of EMH recorded in our cohort of adult SCD patients, up to April 2024.
Eur Respir Rev
January 2025
Hospital Clínic, Cellex Laboratory, CIBERES (Center for Networked Biomedical Research Respiratory Diseases, 06/06/0028), FCRB-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
The systemic use of corticosteroids for patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) remains controversial in clinical practice, particularly in terms of the safety profile of these drugs. This narrative review aims to analyse the available literature data concerning the safety of short-term steroid use in the treatment of sCAP, while also highlighting potential future research directions. Several trials and meta-analyses have evaluated corticosteroid therapy as an adjuvant treatment for sCAP, yielding heterogeneous results regarding its efficacy and safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKorean J Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background/aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management guidelines have increasingly emphasised the importance of exacerbation prevention, and the role of blood eosinophil count (BEC) as a biomarker for inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) response. This study aimed to describe the distribution and stability of BEC and understand real-world treatment patterns among COPD patients in South Korea.
Methods: This was a retrospective database analysis using data obtained from the KOrea COPD Subgroup Study (KOCOSS) registry between January 2012 and August 2018.
Int J Surg Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Thoracic surgery, National University Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Introduction: Mediastinal paragangliomas are rare neoplasms arising from extra-adrenal neural crest cells, presenting as either functional or nonfunctional tumors. Clinical manifestations range from catecholamine-related symptoms to physical compression effects. Accurate recognition of these tumors is crucial for diagnosis and management due to their rarity and association with vital mediastinal structures.
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