Methods for evaluating drugs to ensure there is value for money spent have been debated for years. There have been many attempts at controlling the use of drugs starting with formularies, limited listings for specific uses and the negotiation of prices. The strategy put forward by the lead authors would be helpful to all parties. Their proposal would allow evidence to be the arbiter and provide information that is understood by all concerned. It would take courage by all interested parties to accept these ideas. However, the time is right for the adoption of a better way to keep drug programs affordable without denying anyone the treatments that can make a difference to their health.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.12927/hcpap..16909 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Dent Res
December 2024
Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria.
Objective: This study systematically searched the literature and assessed the available evidence to compare the efficacy of Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device (FRD) versus Twin Block Appliance (TBA) in treating class II malocclusion.
Material And Methods: The search for published literature was published up to May 28, 2024. The databases were included in the search: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Oral Trials Register, Tripe, Web of Science, and Scopus.
Glob Chang Biol
June 2024
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Earth functions as an integrated system-its current habitability to complex life is an emergent property dependent on interactions among biological, chemical, and physical components. As global warming affects ecosystem structure and function, so too will the biosphere affect climate by altering atmospheric gas composition and planetary albedo. Constraining these ecosystem-climate feedbacks is essential to accurately predict future change and develop mitigation strategies; however, the interplay among ecosystem processes complicates the assessment of their impact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment
May 2024
The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Campbell's Law explains the replication crisis. In brief, useful tools such as hypotheses, -values, and multi-study designs came to be viewed as indicators of strong science, and thus goals in and of themselves. Consequently, their use became distorted in unanticipated ways (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharm Stat
May 2024
Medical Affairs and Pharmacovigilance, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany.
Matching reduces confounding bias in comparing the outcomes of nonrandomized patient populations by removing systematic differences between them. Under very basic assumptions, propensity score (PS) matching can be shown to eliminate bias entirely in estimating the average treatment effect on the treated. In practice, misspecification of the PS model leads to deviations from theory and matching quality is ultimately judged by the observed post-matching balance in baseline covariates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian Heart J
March 2024
Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India. Electronic address:
Dyslipidemias are the most important coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factor. Proper management of dyslipidemia is crucial to control the epidemic of premature CAD in India. Cardiological Society of India strived to develop consensus-based guidelines for better lipid management for CAD prevention and treatment.
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