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Dosimetric comparison of proton therapy and CyberKnife in stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver cancers.
Phys Eng Sci Med
September 2024
School of Physics, Mathematics and Computing, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been increasingly used for the ablation of liver tumours. CyberKnife and proton beam therapy (PBT) are two advanced treatment technologies suitable to deliver SBRT with high dose conformity and steep dose gradients. However, there is very limited data comparing the dosimetric characteristics of CyberKnife to PBT for liver SBRT.
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- - The GBD 2021 provides updated demographic estimates for 204 countries and territories, covering changes in mortality and life expectancy associated with the COVID-19 pandemic from 1950 to 2021, highlighting the significant impact of the pandemic on global health trends.
- - To estimate mortality and impacts of the pandemic, researchers utilized over 22,000 data sources, including vital registration and surveys, while also accounting for various factors like migration, epidemics, and disasters that affect population health metrics.
- - Advanced statistical methods, specifically spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR), were employed to calculate under-5 and adult mortality rates, which were then used to create life tables, with adjustments made for countries severely affected by
Intravenous Vitamin C for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Two Harmonized Randomized Clinical Trials.
JAMA
November 2023
Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Importance: The efficacy of vitamin C for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is uncertain.
Objective: To determine whether vitamin C improves outcomes for patients with COVID-19.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Two prospectively harmonized randomized clinical trials enrolled critically ill patients receiving organ support in intensive care units (90 sites) and patients who were not critically ill (40 sites) between July 23, 2020, and July 15, 2022, on 4 continents.
Acetylation reprograms MITF target selectivity and residence time.
Nat Commun
September 2023
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK.
The ability of transcription factors to discriminate between different classes of binding sites associated with specific biological functions underpins effective gene regulation in development and homeostasis. How this is achieved is poorly understood. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF is a lineage-survival oncogene that plays a crucial role in melanocyte development and melanoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relationship between physical activity, cognitive function and health care use: A mediation analysis.
Soc Sci Med
October 2023
Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, M3108 SPH II 1415 Washington Heights Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, United States of America; Department of Economics, University of Michigan, United States of America; Population Studies Center, United States of America; National Bureau of Economic Research, United States of America. Electronic address:
Physical activity is known to provide substantial health benefits and subsequently reduce health care use among older people, but little is known about how much of this effect is due to improved cognitive function as opposed to physical improvements in health. We study the direct and indirect effect of physical activity on health care use using the word recall task as a measure of cognitive function in a mediation framework. We use data from eight waves of the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (2004 - 2018) of people aged 65 and older and exploit genetic variations between individuals as an instrumental variable (IV) for cognitive function, a local health care supply measure as IV for health care use, and neighbourhood physical activity as IV for individual physical activity in our simultaneous three-equation model.
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