In a prospective study of risk factors for Achilles tendinopathy among four induction cycles of infantry recruits, 95 out of 1405 recruits, (6.8%) were found to suffer from Achilles tendinopathy. In more than 94% of the cases, the tendinopathy was considered to be paratendinitis. Training season had a statistically significant effect on the incidence of Achilles paratendinitis with 3.6% suffering in the summer and 9.4% in the winter (p = .001). This increased risk for Achilles paratendinitis in cold weather outdoor training can be explained by a fall in temperature of the Achilles paratenon whose membranes are rich in mucopolysaccharides and serve as a lubricant for gliding of the tendon and epitenon. Decreased temperature may increase the viscosity of the lubricant and thereby increases friction and risk for Achilles paratendinitis. This same relationship illustrates why "warming up" before exercising may be important in lowering the incidence of Achilles paratendinitis.
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Achilles tendinitis is a common etiology of heel pain, which is a common patient complaint. Achilles tendinitis can be classified into noninsertional tendinosis and insertional tendinitis on the basis of clinical features, radiologic signs, and pathologic findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows classification and reveals associated findings, including retrocalcaneal bursitis, paratendinitis, and paratenonitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubstance P accelerates hypercellularity and angiogenesis in tendon tissue and enhances paratendinitis in response to Achilles tendon overuse in a tendinopathy model.
Br J Sports Med
October 2011
Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Section, Umeå University, Sweden.
Background: Tenocytes produce substance P (SP), and its receptor (neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R)) is expressed throughout the tendon tissue, especially in patients with tendinopathy and tissue changes (tendinosis) including hypercellularity and vascular proliferation. Considering the known effects of SP, one might ask whether SP contributes to these changes.
Objectives: To test whether development of tendinosis-like changes (hypercellularity and angiogenesis) is accelerated during a 1-week course of exercise with local administration of SP in an established Achilles tendinopathy model.
Imaging in the assessment and management of Achilles tendinopathy and paratendinitis.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol
February 2011
Department of Radiology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Achilles tendinopathy is a common overuse injury in patients engaged in athletic activities. Tendon degeneration is often accompanied by paratendinitis. Radiologists are frequently asked to use imaging techniques to evaluate patients with problems at or around the Achilles tendon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCold weather training: a risk factor for Achilles paratendinitis among recruits.
Foot Ankle Int
May 2003
Department of Orthopaedics, Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University Medical School, Ein Kerem, PO Box 12000, Jerusalem, Israel.
In a prospective study of risk factors for Achilles tendinopathy among four induction cycles of infantry recruits, 95 out of 1405 recruits, (6.8%) were found to suffer from Achilles tendinopathy. In more than 94% of the cases, the tendinopathy was considered to be paratendinitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Surgical treatment of chronic Achilles tendiopathies. Report of 52 cases].
Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot
November 2000
Service d'Orthopédie traumatologie, CHU Nord, Place Victor-Pauchet, 80054 Amiens Cedex 1.
Purpose Of The Study: We reviewed a series of 52 cases of chronic Achilles tendinopathy treated surgically by release of the fascia cruris, resection of peritendon, longitudinal incision of the tendon and occasional excision of intratendinous lesions.
Materials And Methods: The mean course prior to surgery was about 18 months. Twenty-six patients practiced sports.
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