AI Article Synopsis
- New strategies are being developed to prevent radiation injuries by creating nontoxic, globally effective drugs.
- Various classes of pharmacologics are being explored, including immunomodulators like 5-androstenediol, antioxidants like vitamin E, and engineered cytokines.
- The goal is to establish a new approach that combines these preventative agents with postexposure treatments to enhance recovery and protection against radiation effects.
Article Abstract
New strategies for the prevention of radiation injuries are currently being explored with the ultimate aim of developing globally radioprotective, nontoxic pharmacologics. The prophylactic treatments under review encompass such diverse pharmacologic classes as novel immunomodulators, nutritional antioxidants, and cytokines. An immunomodulator that shows promise is 5-androstenediol (AED), a well-tolerated, long-acting androstene steroid with broad-spectrum radioprotective attributes that include not only protection against acute tissue injury, but also reduced susceptibility to infectious agents, as well as reduced rates of neoplastic transformation. Other potentially useful radioprotectants currently under study include the nutraceutical vitamin E and analogs, a chemically-engineered cytokine, interleukin-1beta, and a sustained-release formulation of an aminothiol, amifostine. Results suggest that a new paradigm is evolving for the prophylaxes of radiation injuries, based on use of newly identified, nontoxic, broad-spectrum prophylactic agents whose protective action may be leveraged by subsequent postexposure use of cytokines with organ-specific reparative functions.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1269/jrr.43.s239 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Cardiovascular Safety and Fracture Prevention Effectiveness of Denosumab Versus Oral Bisphosphonates in Patients Receiving Dialysis : A Target Trial Emulation.
Ann Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.K.).
Background: Dialysis patients have high rates of fracture morbidity, but evidence on optimal management strategies for osteoporosis is scarce.
Objective: To determine the risk for cardiovascular events and fracture prevention effects with denosumab compared with oral bisphosphonates in dialysis-dependent patients.
Design: An observational study that attempts to emulate a target trial.
Developing Guidelines for Conducting Stigma Research With Transgender and Nonbinary Individuals: Protocol for Creation of a Trauma-Informed Approach to Research.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
Hunter Alliance for Research and Translation, Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, United States.
Background: Transgender and nonbinary individuals have received increasing attention within HIV research, with studies documenting the pervasive role stigma plays in creating and sustaining health inequities. However, the proliferation of HIV stigma research with this population has also raised concerns about research practices that may unintentionally stigmatize or retraumatize the very communities they are designed to benefit. Conducting stigma research is critical for generating accurate information about HIV epidemiology, risk and protective factors, and intervention strategies for transgender and nonbinary individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of power training on function and body composition in older women with probable sarcopenia. A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Background: Sarcopenia is a clinical syndrome characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength. Hormonal changes that occur early in women may influence protein synthesis and promote muscle atrophy, leading to probable sarcopenia, defined as a loss of muscle strength without an obvious decrease in muscle mass. Various types of exercise have already proven effective in treating sarcopenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsoferulic acid facilitates effective clearance of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae through targeting capsule.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) poses an alarming threat in clinical settings and global public health owing to its high pathogenicity, epidemic success and rapid development of drug resistance, especially the emergence of carbapenem-resistant lineages (CR-hvKP). With the decline of the "last resort" antibiotic class and the decreasing efficacy of first-line antibiotics, innovative alternative therapeutics are urgently needed. Capsule, an essential virulence determinant, is a major cause of the enhanced pathogenicity of hvKP and represents an attractive drug target to prevent the devastating clinical outcomes caused by hvKP infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreventing zoonotic spillover through regulatory frameworks governing wildlife trade: A scoping review.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Wildlife trade can create adverse impacts for biodiversity and human health globally, including increased risks for zoonotic spillover that can lead to pandemics. Institutional responses to zoonotic threats posed by wildlife trade are diverse; understanding regulations governing wildlife trade is an important step for effective zoonotic spillover prevention measures. In this review, we focused on peer-reviewed studies and grey literature conducted on regulatory approaches that govern domestic and international wildlife trade in order to assess the role of local, national and global-level institutions in the prevention of zoonotic spillover and infection transmission between humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!