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How SNARE proteins generate force to fuse membranes.
Biophys J
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027. Electronic address:
Membrane fusion is central to fundamental cellular processes such as exocytosis, when an intracellular machinery fuses membrane-enclosed vesicles to the plasma membrane for contents release. The core machinery components are the SNARE proteins. SNARE complexation pulls the membranes together, but the fusion mechanism remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromolecular interactions and geometrical confinement determine the 3D diffusion of ribosome-sized particles in live cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
The crowded bacterial cytoplasm is composed of biomolecules that span several orders of magnitude in size and electrical charge. This complexity has been proposed as the source of the rich spatial organization and apparent anomalous diffusion of intracellular components, although this has not been tested directly. Here, we use biplane microscopy to track the 3D motion of self-assembled bacterial genetically encoded multimeric nanoparticles (bGEMs) with tunable size (20 to 50 nm) and charge (-3,240 to +2,700 e) in live cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing CO Adsorption on MgO: Insights into Dopant Selection and Mechanistic Pathways.
Biomimetics (Basel)
December 2024
Entropic Interface Group, Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
Inspired by our recent success in designing CO-phobic and CO-philic domains on nano-MgO for effective CO adsorption, our ongoing efforts focus on incorporating dopants into pristine MgO to further enhance its CO adsorption capabilities. However, a clear set of guidelines for dopant selection and a holistic understanding of the underlying mechanisms is still lacking. In our investigation, we combined first-principles calculations with experimental approaches to explore the crystal and electronic structural changes in MgO doped with high-valence elements (Al, C, Si, and Ti) and their interactions with CO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnomalous entropy-driven kinetics of dislocation nucleation.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
The kinetics of dislocation reactions, such as dislocation multiplication, controls the plastic deformation in crystals beyond their elastic limit, therefore critical mechanisms in a number of applications in materials science. We present a series of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations that shows that one such type of reactions, the nucleation of dislocation at free surfaces, exhibit unconventional kinetics, including unexpectedly large nucleation rates under compression, very strong entropic stabilization under tension, as well as strong non-Arrhenius behavior. These unusual kinetics are quantitatively rationalized using a variational transition state theory approach coupled with an efficient numerical scheme for the estimation of vibrational entropy changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis and optimization of the adsorption of lead ions on a new material based on silica synthesized from blast furnace slag.
Turk J Chem
November 2024
Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, Algiers, Algeria.
A novel silica-based material (SBM), synthesized from chemically-, thermally-, and mechanically-treated blast furnace slag (TBFS), was examined for its batch-mode lead adsorption capacity based on various parameters. Physicochemical examinations revealed that the formulation of the new SBM consisted mainly of silica, which represented 81.79% of its total composition.
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