Highly sensitive biosensors based on pH-sensitive field effect transistors and cholinesterases for detection of solanaceous glycoalkaloids have been developed, characterised and optimised. The main analytical characteristics of the biosensors developed have been studied under different conditions and an optimal experimental protocol for glycoalkaloids determination in model solution has been proposed. Using such a biosensor and an enzyme reversible inhibition effect, the total potato glycoalkaloids content can be determined within the range of 0.2-100 microM depending on the type of alkaloid, with lowest detection limits of 0.2 microM for alpha-chaconine, 0.5 microM for alpha-solanine and 1 microM for solanidine. The dynamic ranges for the compounds examined show that such biosensors are suitable for a quantitative detection of glycoalkaloids in real potato samples. High reproducibility, operational and storage stability of the biosensor developed have been shown.
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