Zonisamide is an antiepileptic drug developed and first marketed in Japan in 1989. Cases of oligohydrosis, characterized by deficient production and secretion of sweat, were reported in children treated with zonisamide in Japan during development and in the postmarketing period. Zonisamide was approved in the United States in March 2000 for adjunctive treatment of partial seizures in adults. Searching the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Events Reporting System, we identified six domestic cases of zonisamide-associated oligohydrosis and/or fever, all in patients = 18 years of age. The calculated reporting rate was 13 cases per 10,000 pediatric-years of exposure, approximately 10-fold the reporting rate in Japan. A possible risk factor for the development of oligohydrosis in these cases was pediatric age, leading to exposure to elevated zonisamide blood levels relative to patient size. Although the mechanism for zonisamide-associated oligohydrosis has not been fully elucidated, the drug may mediate its effect on eccrine sweat glands by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase, thereby influencing pH dynamics, hydrogen ion concentration, and available calcium transients. Awareness of zonisamide-associated oligohydrosis may prevent morbidity, especially in the pediatric population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00511-8 | DOI Listing |
Neurology
February 2025
Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Background And Objectives: Aside from congenital malformations and impaired postnatal neurodevelopment, risks associated with antiseizure medication (ASM) use during pregnancy have been sparsely investigated, particularly outside of epilepsy. We aimed to assess these risks through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, including ASM exposure for indication.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane for studies including pregnant women on ASMs for any indication and untreated pregnant women, investigating obstetric complications and fetal/neonatal complications other than congenital malformations and impaired neurodevelopment.
Seizure
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Rd. Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. Electronic address:
Introduction: Arrhythmias resulting from newer antiseizure medications (ASMs) may significantly impact the safety and quality of life of patients with epilepsy. This study investigated the potential association between new first-line or second-line ASMs and arrhythmias.
Methods: Pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2004 to 2023.
PLoS One
October 2024
Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are important factors when selecting treatments for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to elucidate the prescribing practices for advanced PD patients with NMS in Japanese clinical practice.
Methods: We examined the prescription rates and doses of anti-PD drugs, and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in post hoc analyses of a 52-week observational study of 996 PD patients with wearing-off on levodopa-containing therapy and ≥1 NMS.
J Psychiatr Res
November 2024
Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
There is preliminary evidence that the anticonvulsant medication Zonisamide (ZON) may be an effective, well-tolerated treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, further evaluation of its efficacy for treating patients with AUD is needed, and much remains unknown about ZON's therapeutic mechanisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of ZON in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and safety of monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors (MAO-B inhibitors) for early Parkinson's disease (PD).
Methods: All studies that assessed the efficacy of MAO-B inhibitors in patients with early PD were searched. Publications were screened, and data were extracted according to predefined criteria.
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