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Evaluation of Extract for Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition and Serum Uric Acid Reduction in a Hyperuricemic Mouse Model.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Independent Researcher, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
: Current urate-lowering therapies may cause serious side effects in patients. Thus, alternative treatments are needed to regulate uric acid (UA) levels in patients with hyperuricemia associated with kidney injury, and natural antioxidant sources have demonstrated utility in this field. For the first time, our study evaluated the effects of an extract of insects on the levels of xanthine oxidase (XO) enzymes and synthetic free radicals in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs.
Vet Sci
October 2024
Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola de Vallès, Spain.
Various inflammatory and renal biomarkers have already been assessed for monitoring the response to anti-leishmanial therapy in canine leishmaniosis. This study assessed the parasite load, various inflammatory and renal biomarkers pre- and post-treatment, and any association between the studied variables and the degree of disease severity at diagnosis. This is a prospective cohort study of 30 client-owned dogs with leishmaniosis, classified according to LeishVet's guidelines as stage I (n = 2), stage IIa (n = 7), stage IIb (n = 6), stage III (n = 8), and stage IV (n = 7).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA betaine-contained solution reduced cold ischemia damage through inhibiting vacuolar degeneration in livers.
Transpl Immunol
December 2024
Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China. Electronic address:
A new osmoprotectant-containing multiple saccharide (MS) solution was formulated for this study. The primary objectives were to compare the effects of the MS solution with those of the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution and hypertonic citrate adenine (HCA) solution on liver cold preservation, as well as to investigate the mechanisms underlying osmolarity-induced injury. Rat livers were cold-stored for 18 h at 4 °C using the different solutions and subsequently subjected to 2 h of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) for functional assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor microenvironment changes and prognostic gene signatures in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, China. Electronic address:
Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, accounting for the majority of liver cancer cases. Hepatocellular Carcinoma not only exhibits high heterogeneity but also possesses an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor evasion, posing substantial difficulties for efficient therapy. Our aim is to utilize single-cell RNA transcriptome data to investigate the dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment during the malignant progression of HCC, the communication among immune cells, and the marker genes associated with patient prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffective xanthine oxidase inhibitor urate lowering therapy in gout is linked to an emergent serum protein interactome of complement and inflammation modulators.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Division of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Urate-lowering treatment (ULT) using xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) initially increases gout flare-ups, and researchers aimed to understand inflammation responsiveness by analyzing blood samples from two independent trial cohorts over 48 weeks.
- The study found that after 48 weeks of ULT, serum urate levels normalized in patients and associated proteins indicated reduced inflammation and included key mediators of gout flare-ups, such as C5 and IL-1B.
- Mechanistic studies revealed that febuxostat treatment reduced proteins linked to complement activation in cultured macrophages, suggesting that monitoring serum proteins may help identify the decline of gouty inflammation in response to ULT.
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