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Mechanisms and pharmacotherapy of cancer cachexia-associated anorexia.
Pharmacol Res Perspect
February 2025
Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.
Cachexia is a multifactorial metabolic syndrome characterized by weight and skeletal muscle loss caused by underlying illnesses such as cancer, heart failure, and renal failure. Inflammation, insulin resistance, increased muscle protein degradation, decreased food intake, and anorexia are the primary pathophysiological drivers of cachexia. Cachexia causes physical deterioration and functional impairment, loss of quality of life, lower response to active treatment, and ultimately morbidity and mortality, while the difficulties in tackling cachexia in its advanced phases and the heterogeneity of the syndrome among patients require an individualized and multidisciplinary approach from an early stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrengthening Effect of Thalidomide Combined with an Anti-PD1 Antibody on Enhancing Immunity for Lung Cancer Therapy.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol
January 2025
The Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Objective: Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents offers a promising strategy to counteract the cooperative promotion of solid tumor growth by immune checkpoints and intratumoral angiogenesis.
Methods: We investigated the potential of thalidomide (THD) and anti-PD-1 antibody (PD-1 mAb) in suppressing tumor growth, enhancing immunity, and inhibiting angiogenesis.
Results: THD exhibited regulatory effects on PD-1 in CD4+ T cells and PD-L1 in cancer cells, along with tumor growth inhibition in A549 and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell lines.
Radiation-Induced Brain Injury: Mechanistic Insights and the Promise of Gut-Brain Axis Therapies.
Brain Sci
December 2024
Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Radiation therapy is widely recognized as an efficacious modality for treating neoplasms located within the craniofacial region. Nevertheless, this approach is not devoid of risks, predominantly concerning potential harm to the neural structures. Adverse effects may encompass focal cerebral necrosis, cognitive function compromise, cerebrovascular pathology, spinal cord injury, and detriment to the neural fibers constituting the brachial plexus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient-reported outcomes following ciltacabtagene autoleucel or standard of care in patients with lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-4): results from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.
Lancet Haematol
January 2025
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Background: In CARTITUDE-4, ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) significantly improved progression-free survival (primary endpoint; previously reported) versus standard of care in patients with relapsed, lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma. We report here patient-reported outcomes.
Methods: In the ongoing, phase 3, open-label CARTITUDE-4 study, patients were recruited from 81 sites in the USA, Europe, Asia, and Australia, and were randomly assigned 1:1 to cilta-cel (target, 0·75 × 10 CAR-T cells/kg) or standard of care (daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone; pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone).
Advancements in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.
Cureus
December 2024
Hematology, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José, CRI.
Article Synopsis
- Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent blood cancer worldwide, traditionally viewed as aggressive and deadly.
- Recent advancements in treatment, such as proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulators, and corticosteroids, have improved patient outcomes significantly.
- Due to innovative combination therapies and ongoing research, there is growing optimism for future treatments, aiming to make MM more manageable and potentially curable.
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