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Analysis of human neutrophils from nasal polyps by single-cell RNA sequencing reveals roles of neutrophils in chronic rhinosinusitis.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
November 2024
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill. Electronic address:
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by type 2 (T2) inflammation. Recent studies, including our own, suggest that neutrophils are also elevated in T2 nasal polyps (NP) and that elevated neutrophils display an activated phenotype. However, the actual roles of neutrophils in NP pathogenesis in T2 CRSwNP are still largely unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle cell RNA sequencing of human eosinophils from nasal polyps reveals eosinophil heterogeneity in chronic rhinosinusitis tissue.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
October 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) involves complex inflammation, and the specific functions of eosinophils in this condition are not well understood.
- Researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze eosinophils in nasal polyp tissue from patients with CRSwNP, comparing them to control samples.
- The study identified a diverse range of eosinophil subtypes in nasal polyps, with certain genes related to inflammation and cell growth being significantly upregulated, suggesting their key role in CRSwNP pathology.
Biologic therapy in rare eosinophil-associated disorders: remaining questions and translational research opportunities.
J Leukoc Biol
July 2024
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Rare eosinophil-associated disorders (EADs), including hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, are a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by blood and/or tissue hypereosinophilia and eosinophil-related clinical manifestations. Although the recent availability of biologic therapies that directly and indirectly target eosinophils has the potential to dramatically improve treatment options for all EADs, clinical trials addressing their safety and efficacy in rare EADs have been relatively few. Consequently, patient access to therapy is limited for many biologics, and the establishment of evidence-based treatment guidelines has been extremely difficult.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFControlled adsorption of multiple bioactive proteins enables targeted mast cell nanotherapy.
Nat Nanotechnol
May 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Protein adsorption onto nanomaterials often results in denaturation and loss of bioactivity. Controlling the adsorption process to maintain the protein structure and function has potential for a range of applications. Here we report that self-assembled poly(propylene sulfone) (PPSU) nanoparticles support the controlled formation of multicomponent enzyme and antibody coatings and maintain their bioactivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInteractions between Siglec-8 and endogenous sialylated cis ligands restrain cell death induction in human eosinophils and mast cells.
Front Immunol
November 2023
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-8 is a sialoside-binding receptor expressed by eosinophils and mast cells that exhibits priming status- and cell type-dependent inhibitory activity. On eosinophils that have been primed with IL-5, GM-CSF, or IL-33, antibody ligation of Siglec-8 induces cell death through a pathway involving the β2 integrin-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via NADPH oxidase. In contrast, Siglec-8 engagement on mast cells inhibits cellular activation and mediator release but reportedly does not impact cell viability.
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