Loss of function of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumour suppressor gene through truncating mutations or other means is an early event in most colo-rectal cancer (CRC). The APC gene encodes a large multifunctional protein that plays key roles in several cellular processes, including the wnt signalling pathway where an intact APC protein is essential for down regulation of beta-catenin. The APC protein also plays a role in regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and chromosomal stability during mitosis. Acquisition of a non-functional APC gene can occur by inheritance (in the disease familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)) or by a sporadic event in a somatic cell. Whilst there is strong epidemiological evidence that variation in diet is a major determinant of variation in CRC incidence, conventional adenoma recurrence trials in sporadic cases of the disease have been relatively unsuccessful in identifying potentially protective food components. Since the genetic basis of CRC in FAP and in sporadic CRC is similar, intervention trials in FAP gene carriers provide an attractive strategy for investigation of potential chemo-preventive agents, since smaller numbers of subjects and shorter time frames are needed. The Concerted Action Polyp Prevention (CAPP) 1 Study is using a 2 x 2 factorial design to test the efficacy of resistant starch (30 g raw potato starch-Hylon VII (1:1, w/w)/d) and aspirin (600 mg/d) in suppressing colo-rectal adenoma formation in young subjects with FAP. Biopsies of macroscopically-normal rectal mucosa are also being collected for assay of putative biomarkers of CRC risk.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/PNS2002236 | DOI Listing |
J Food Sci
December 2024
College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
The effects of wheat bran dietary fiber (WBDF) treated by air flow micro-pulverization on gelatinization, thermal, rheological, structural properties, and in vitro digestion of wheat starch (WS) were investigated. Different particle sizes of WBDF were obtained by conventional knife grinding and airflow micro-grinding. Compared with conventional knife grinding, the particle size of WBDF treated by air flow micro-pulverization decreased, the particle size distribution was concentrated at small particle sizes, the specific surface area increased, and the hydraulic and oil-holding power decreased, which was mainly related to the change of WBDF spatial structure and the increase of solubility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
December 2024
College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, China. Electronic address:
Static magnetic field (SMF), an innovative and eco-friendly technology, has attracted widespread attention in the field of modified starch physicochemical properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SMF treatment on the structural and digestive properties of germinated corn (GC) starch. In vitro digestibility examination of GC starch revealed that SMF treatment (30 mT, 2 h) led to a 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
December 2024
College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China. Electronic address:
The objective of this study is to examine how plasma-activated water (PAW) affects the formation of complexes between wheat starch (WS) and lauric acid (LA) during extrusion. The findings from various analysis, including complexing index, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, revealed that PAW promoted the formation of WS-LA complexes during extrusion, resulting in a better long-range and short-range ordered structure, as well as higher gelatinization enthalpy. Consequently, PAW led to lower solubility, swelling power, gel property, and rapidly digestible starch content but higher resistant starch content.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, and West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, PO Box No.37, Guo Xue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
The trend of the aging population worldwide is becoming increasingly severe. As people age, constipation becomes increasingly common in older adults, causing varying degrees of physical and psychological harm to them. Dietary intervention is a common nonpharmacological therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Potato starch is widely utilized in the food industry. Gamma irradiation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for starch modification. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of comprehensive and consistent knowledge regarding the physicochemical characteristics of high-dose gamma-irradiated potato starch, retrogradation properties in particular.
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