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Rare Disease Policy in High-Income Countries: An Overview of Achievements, Challenges, and Solutions.
Value Health
January 2025
Canadian Organization for Rare Disorders.
Objectives: To provide an overview of policy initiatives in high-income countries aimed at supporting the development and accessibility of treatments for rare diseases.
Methods: We examine how legislative, research, and pricing policies in high-income countries address barriers that have historically hindered innovation and access to rare disease treatments. By analysing examples from the EU, UK, US, Canada, Japan, and Australia, the article identifies ongoing initiatives, outlines current challenges, and explores proposed solutions to foster a sustainable, innovative, and accessible rare disease treatment ecosystem.
Interventions to reduce non-prescription antimicrobial sales in community pharmacies.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, Chuo-ku, Japan.
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern. One of the most important causes of AMR is the excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial drugs in healthcare and community settings. Most countries have policies that require antimicrobial drugs to be obtained from a pharmacy by prescription.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBudget impact analysis of insulin glargine vs. isophane protamine insulin treatment for patients with type-2 diabetes and severe hypoglycemia in Thailand.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the financial impact of different adoption rates of insulin glargine (IGlar) treatment compared to isophane protamine (neutral protamine hagedorn [NPH]) insulin treatment for patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) and severe hypoglycemia in Thailand from the payer's perspective.
Methods: The budget impact analysis (BIA) model over a period of 5 years was used to estimate the net budget impact (NBI) of IGlar treatment by comparing the total budget expenditures under two scenarios: scenario 1 involved only NPH insulin and scenario 2 included the introduction of IGlar. The total budget included either the cost of insulin or a combination of the costs of insulin and the expense related to severe hypoglycemia.
Is a 1-year course of methotrexate in patients with arthralgia at-risk for rheumatoid arthritis cost-effective? A cost-effectiveness analysis of the randomised, placebo-controlled TREAT EARLIER trial.
Ann Rheum Dis
January 2025
Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a considerable disease burden with life-long physical limitations, reduced work productivity and high societal costs. Trials on arthralgia at-risk for RA are therefore conducted, aiming to intercept evolving RA and reduce the disease burden. A 1-year course of methotrexate in patients with clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) caused sustained improvements in subclinical joint inflammation and physical impairments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging trends in managed care pharmacy: A mixed-method study.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm
January 2025
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy Foundation, Alexandria, VA.
Background: Over the past 5 years, managed care pharmacy has been shaped by a global pandemic, advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI), Medicare drug price negotiation policies, and significant therapeutic developments. Collective intelligence methods can be used to anticipate future developments in practice to help organizations plan and develop new strategies around those changes.
Objective: To identify emerging trends in managed care pharmacy.
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