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In Vivo Behavior of Transitional Foods as Compared to Purees: A Videofluoroscopic Analysis.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol
March 2025
Communication Disorders and Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene.
Purpose: Medically tailored transitional foods (TFs) may be a clinically viable alternative to pureed consistency for individuals requiring texture-modified foods. However, little remains known about the performance of TFs during the swallow. The purpose of this investigation was to describe oropharyngeal swallowing physiology in patients with dysphagia during consumption of TFs as compared to pureed solids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeizures, Driver Licensure, and Medical Reporting Update: An AAN Position Statement.
Neurology
April 2025
School of Law, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
This consensus position statement of the American Academy of Neurology, American Epilepsy Society, and Epilepsy Foundation of America updates prior 1994 and 2007 position statements on seizures, driver licensure, and medical reporting. Key consensus positions include the following: (1) in the United States, national driving standards promulgated through a system such as the Uniform Law Commission would reduce confusion and improve adherence with state driving standards; (2) state licensing criteria for medical conditions should be promulgated by regulations and guidelines based on enabling legislation rather than in statutes themselves and should be developed by medical advisory boards working in collaboration with departments of motor vehicles; (3) licensing criteria should be equitable, nondiscriminatory, objective, and compatible with comparable risks in other populations; (4) a minimum seizure-free interval of 3 months should ordinarily be required before driving in all cases and should be extended in individual cases based on review of favorable and unfavorable features by medical advisory boards; (5) individuals with exclusively provoked seizures attributable to provoking factors that are unlikely to reoccur in the future may not require a seizure-free interval before resuming driving; (6) individuals with previously well-controlled epilepsy who experience seizures due to short-term interruptions of antiseizure medications in the setting of hospitalization or practitioner-directed medication-titration may not require a seizure-free interval before driving once previously effective levels of antiseizure medications have been resumed; (7) patients and practitioners should pause driving during tapering and following discontinuation of an antiseizure medication if another such medication is not introduced; (8) individuals whose cognition or coordination is impaired due to medications used to prevent seizures should refrain from driving; (9) health care practitioners should be allowed but not mandated to report drivers who pose an elevated risk; but (10) neither a decision to report a patient suspected of being at elevated risk nor a decision declining to report a patient suspected of being at elevated risk should be subject to legal liability; (11) nations, states, and municipalities should provide alternative methods of transportation and accommodations for individuals whose driving privileges are restricted due to medical conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatial Distribution of Brain PET Tracers by MALDI Imaging.
J Am Soc Mass Spectrom
March 2025
The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Evaluating tissue distribution of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) tracers during their development conventionally involves autoradiography techniques, where radioactive compounds are used for visualization and quantification in tissues during preclinical development stages. Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) offers a potential alternative, providing spatial information without the need for radioactivity with a similar spatial resolution. This study aimed to optimize a MSI sample preparation protocol for assessing PET tracer candidates with a focus on two compounds: UCB-J and UCB2400.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid Authentication of Plant-Based Milk Alternatives by Coupling Portable Raman Spectroscopy with Machine Learning.
J AOAC Int
March 2025
Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6 Canada.
Background: Plant-based milk alternatives (PBMA) are increasingly popular due to rising lactose intolerance and environmental concerns over traditional dairy products. However, limited efforts have been made to develop rapid authentication methods to verify their biological origin.
Objective: In this study, we developed a rapid, on-site analytical method for the authentication and identification of PBMA made by six different plant species utilizing a portable Raman spectrometer coupled with machine learning.
Combatting antibiotic resistance in Gardnerella vaginalis: A comparative in silico investigation for drug target identification.
PLoS One
March 2025
Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Gardnerella vaginalis is the most frequently identified bacterium in approximately 95% of bacterial vaginosis (BV) cases. This species often exhibits resistance to multiple antibiotics, posing challenges for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop and explore alternative therapeutic strategies for managing bacterial vaginosis.
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