Knowledge on Allergic Inflammation - the Basis for Solving the Problem of Bronchial Asthma.

The manifestations of allergen-specific IgE-mediated reactions constitute the basis of allergic inflammation as universal specialized form of recognition of allergen entered the body and organization of response reaction in relation to this foreign agent. The stage of induction of special type of immune response by the body entered allergen is a decisive one in the chain of replaceable events terminated by external signs of allergy. This response results in the formation of allergic antibodies that belong to immunoglobulin E (IgE) which are fixed on inflammatory cells, "arming" them by specific mechanism of recognition of new body entering allergen. The main cell representatives of allergic inflammation are mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, as well as lymphoid and epithelial cells. These cells are involved in response in different time intervals after allergen action on sensibilized (due to allergen-specific IgE) respiratory mucosa. Therefore, sequential involvement of these cells in allergic process gives early, at first, and then late phases of allergic reaction. "Arming" of mucosa by allergen-recognizing mechanism is providing by fixation of allergen-specific IgE on high affinity receptors for this immunoglobulin (Fcepsilon-receptors type I - FcepsilonRI), expressed on mast cells. The involvement in the process of additional cells-participants of allergic response, forming the late phase is mediated by mechanisms that may be induced during early phase by mast cell mediators.