Meta-analysis and decision analysis bridge research and practice.

Research synthesis methods provide meaningful quantitative data through systematic review of the research literature and translation of these findings into practice implications. Meta-analysis has been the gold standard for translation of research findings into practice. Decision analysis has emerged as an alternative to and extension of meta-analysis. Examples, contrasting the application of meta-analysis and decision analysis, are presented and discussed in relation to its relevance in providing clinical direction. The methods are points along the continuum of translating research findings into practice. Meta-analytic studies provide an essential foundation for estimating and assigning the probabilities used in decision analysis, whereas the outcomes of decision analysis provide data for estimating the cost effectiveness of different interventions or treatment options. Decision analysis can assist in bridging the research-practice gap. Nurse researchers are urged to collaborate with other disciplines that have used these methods to refine translation and use of research findings in practice.