Solar radiation, traveling outside cloud water droplets, excites sharp resonances and surface waves by tunneling into the droplets. This effect contributes substantially to the total absorption (typically, of the order of 20%) and yields the major contribution to backscattering, producing the meteorological glory. Usual computational practices in atmospheric science misrepresent resonance contributions and cannot be relied on in the assessment of possible anomalies in cloud absorption.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.42.001588 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
March 2025
Nexus for Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Tunnel ionization, the fundamental process in strong field physics and attosecond science, along with the subsequent electron dynamics are typically governed by the polarization and carrier envelope phase of the incident laser pulse. Moreover, most light-matter interactions involve Gaussian beams and rely primarily on dipole-active transitions. In this article, we reveal that Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) carrying beams enable to control tunnel ionization in atoms and molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFESC Heart Fail
March 2025
Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
Aims: The prevalences of aortic stenosis (AS) and transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) increase with age. Identification of occult ATTR-CM in patients with AS can help explain out-of-proportion myocardial dysfunction, aid in prognostication and prompt initiation of disease-modifying treatment. Studies have suggested that many patients referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have concomitant ATTR-CM, but some have included unverified ATTR-CM in patients with ambiguous scintigrams.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForensic Sci Int
February 2025
Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Bone taphonomy and diagenesis contribute to anthropological analysis in forensic investigations by attempting to reconstruct the relationship between human cadaveric remains and their postmortem depositional environment. The rare aquatic taphonomic experiments have been delivering conflicting results on the influence of time and the environment on the decay of bone and teeth, especially considering that the main diagenetic processes can lead to fragmentation, progressive dissolution or fossilization. The aim of this experimental, quantitative, randomized and controlled 2-year study was to analyse the taphonomy and diagenesis of submerged terrestrial mammalian bones to achieve a more accurate estimation of both the post-mortem interval (PMI) and the post-mortem submersion interval (PMSI) in the short term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronic and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronic and Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Deep ultraviolet (DUV) photodetection usually relies on wide-bandgap semiconductors, which however face challenges in material growth and doping processes. In this work, we proposed and validated a photodetection scheme based on tunneling barrier modulation, achieving highly sensitive DUV photodetection. Using a two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure, the device integrates MoS as the transporting layer for its high carrier mobility and low dark current, few-layered graphene (FLG) as the photon absorption layer, and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as the dielectric barrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Child Sex Abus
February 2025
Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
This qualitative study examined the perceptions of law enforcement officers who work with Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs) in Texas, utilizing anonymous phone interviews with 20 participants to better explain their views on resources, funding, training, and stakeholder collaboration with Child Protective Services, the district attorney's office, medical personnel, and CAC staff. Five themes emerged: lack of funding, specialized caseload, high turnover and personnel needs, emotional toll, and communication. These themes are discussed, and recommendations are made for law enforcement administration, CAC practitioners, and CAC stakeholders.
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