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Background: The long-term impact of opioid use disorder (OUD) on brain health has been little explored although of potentially high public health importance.
Objectives: To investigate the potential causal impact of OUD on later life brain health outcomes, including dementia, stroke and brain structure.
Methods: Observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted.
Advancements in nanoparticle-based vaccine development against Japanese encephalitis virus: a systematic review.
Front Immunol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Vaccination remains the sole effective strategy for combating Japanese encephalitis (JE). Both inactivated and live attenuated vaccines exhibit robust immunogenicity. However, the production of these conventional vaccine modalities necessitates extensive cultivation of the pathogen, incurring substantial costs and presenting significant biosafety risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigations into the growth and formation of biofilm by at temperatures encountered during infection.
Biofilm
June 2025
Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA.
The genus comprises unique atypical spirochete bacteria that includes the etiological agent of leptospirosis, a globally important zoonosis. Biofilms are microecosystems composed of microorganisms embedded in a self-produced matrix that offers protection against hostile factors. Leptospires form biofilms in rice fields and unsanitary urban areas, and while colonizing rodent kidneys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnosis and insight into the unique lung microbiota of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis patients by bronchoalveolar lavage using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
January 2025
The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Department of Center for Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China.
Background: Although previous studies have reported the dysregulation of respiratory tract microbiota in infectious diseases, insufficient data exist regarding respiratory microbiota imbalances in the lower respiratory tracts of children with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). In this study, we assessed the value of mNGS in the pathogen diagnosis and microbiome analysis of PTB patients using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples.
Methods: A total of 64 participants, comprising 43 pediatric PTB and 21 pediatric pneumonia patients were recruited in the present study.
Quantitative analysis of choroidal vascular structures and anatomical changes in pachychoroid spectrum diseases using ultra-widefield SS-OCTA.
Sci Rep
January 2025
The Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, No. 627 Wuluo Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
This study used ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF SS-OCTA) to analyze and compare choroidal blood flow and anatomical changes in eyes affected by central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV), and uncomplicated pachychoroid (UCP). The findings revealed distribution patterns of vortex veins across the three patient groups and provided initial findings insights into the origin of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in PNV. A total of 44 patients with CSC, 38 with PNV, and 46 with UCP were included in the analysis.
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