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Ethosome as antigen delivery carrier: optimisation, evaluation and induction of immunological response via nasal route against hepatitis B.
J Microencapsul
June 2022
University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Aim: The research focussed on development and evaluation of ethosome as an effective delivery of antigen that eliminates need for frequent dose of antigen while improving patient compliance for Hepatitis B.
Method: Prepared a single dose HBsAg ethosomal vaccine using a cold method and applied a central composite design optimisation using particles size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency as dependent variables. Further, selected batch was assessed for their morphology, in vitro release, interaction, haemocompatibility, histological ( skin permeation) and stability studies.
Immunological biomarker discovery in cure regimens for chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
J Hepatol
August 2022
Forum for Collaborative Research, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
There have been unprecedented advances in the identification of new treatment targets for chronic hepatitis B that are being developed with the goal of achieving functional cure in patients who would otherwise require lifelong nucleoside analogue treatment. Many of the new investigational therapies either directly target the immune system or are anticipated to impact immunity indirectly through modulation of the viral lifecycle and antigen production. While new viral biomarkers (HBV RNA, HBcAg, small, middle, large HBs isoforms) are proceeding through validation steps in clinical studies, immunological biomarkers are non-existent outside of clinical assays for antibodies to HBs, HBc and HBe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis B cure: From discovery to regulatory approval.
J Hepatol
October 2017
Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
The majority of persons currently treated for chronic hepatitis B require long-term or lifelong therapy. New inhibitors of hepatitis B virus entry, replication, assembly, or secretion and immune modulatory therapies are in development. The introduction of these novel compounds for chronic hepatitis B necessitates a standardised appraisal of the efficacy and safety of these treatments and definitions of new or additional endpoints to inform clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReview article: the potential of interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogue combination therapy in chronic hepatitis B infection.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther
October 2016
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "A.M. e A. Migliavacca" Center for the Study of Liver Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Background: A short-term course of pegylated-interferon (Peg-IFN), or a long-term treatment with a third generation nucleot(s)ide analogue (NUC), of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection achieves viral suppression and may prevent disease progression. Owing to different mechanisms of action of the two regimens, a Peg-IFN and NUC combination treatment may be an attractive approach to enhance the off-treatment rates of virological and serological response.
Aim: To review the literature on combinations of Peg-IFN plus NUC, including the simultaneous initiation of Peg-IFN and NUC in naïve patients; an 'add-on' combination, where Peg-IFN is started at variable times after the beginning of NUC; or a 'switch-to' strategy usually from NUC to Peg-IFN.
Comparative efficacy of antiviral therapy in preventing vertical transmission of hepatitis B: a network meta-analysis.
Liver Int
May 2016
Section of Digestive Diseases and Yale Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Background & Aims: Antiviral drugs are safe and effective in the third trimester to prevent intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus, and are recommended for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected gravid mothers (between weeks 28 and 32) with high viral load, followed by postnatal hepatitis B immunization in the newborn. We estimated the comparative efficacy of antiviral drugs for prevention of vertical transmission of HBV, through a network meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and published proceedings from major liver meetings from January 1980 to November 2014.
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