Obesity is increasing in the United States, not only among adults, but also among children and youth (1). The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report the incidence of children at risk for being overweight or obese has doubled in the last two decades (2). Schools can play a role in preventing childhood obesity by serving healthy meals with adequate calories and nutrients, providing nutrition education that encourages healthful food selections, offering opportunities for physical activity and creating school environments that model healthful behaviors.
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Early-life Exposure to Tobacco Smoke and the Risk of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Population-based Cohort Study.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
January 2025
Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China;
Rationale: Tobacco smoking is a well-established risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), yet the influence of early-life tobacco exposure on future IPF risk remains poorly understood.
Objectives: To test the hypothesis that early-life tobacco exposure may elevate the risk of developing IPF, with this effect potentially modified by genetic susceptibility to IPF and mediated through accelerated biological aging.
Methods: Using data from over 430,000 participants in the UK Biobank, we performed a prospective cohort study to examine the associations of maternal smoking around birth and age of smoking initiation with IPF risk.
The politicisation of vaccines and its influence on Brazilian caregivers' opinions on childhood routine vaccination.
Cien Saude Colet
January 2025
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil.
Progressive declines in vaccination coverage have been recorded in Brazil in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced even more challenges to this scenario. Considering the pandemic as an event, the scope of this article was to analyze the politicization of vaccines from the perspective of caregivers of young children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: This article presents a verification of the factor structure and validation of the Questionnaire of Achievement of Developmental Task (QADT), designed to measure children's social expectations in early childhood. Three tasks, important from the point of view of both children's functioning at a given life stage and preparation for the next developmental phase, were selected. These are school skills, cooperation with others and a sense of competence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSalivary alpha-amylase activity and its association with early childhood caries and rampant caries experience: a cross-sectional study.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Aims: This study aims to evaluate salivary alpha-amylase levels in children diagnosed with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Rampant Caries (RC) and compare them to levels in children without ECC or RC. It also examines the relationship between salivary alpha-amylase levels and increased caries activity in the children with ECC or RC.
Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at RAK College of Dental Sciences (RAKCODS) with 100 children aged 3-12 years.
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Child Maltreat
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Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
Identifying proximal and multigenerational distal risk mechanisms through which adversity exposure may shape neuroendocrine dysregulation among children is critical to advancing effective preventive interventions for adversity-exposed individuals. Utilizing longitudinal data ( = 247), the current study examined maternal and offspring history of childhood maltreatment (CM) as predictors of offspring cortisol/DHEA ratios, and, in exploratory analyses, extended this longitudinally to offspring depressive symptoms in young adulthood. Youth (ages 8-13 years) initially attended a research camp, then were followed up approximately eight years later (ages 18-22 years).
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