The importance of hepatitis A (HA) for epidemiological situations among the servicemen of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, including the Far Eastern Military District, and the necessity of vaccinal prophylaxis have been substantiated. Vaccination against HA, made in a single injection, was shown to be capable of decreasing morbidity, on the average, 1.98 times. The epidemiological effectiveness of vaccine "Avaxim" proved to be 89.6%. The results obtained in this investigation are indicative of the expediency of vaccination not only for prophylactic purposes, but also for localization and liquidation of epidemic foci of HA.
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Drug Saf
January 2025
Forum for Collaborative Research, University of California, Berkeley, Washington, DC, USA.
HIV-prevention efforts focusing on women of child-bearing potential are needed to end the HIV epidemic in the African region. The use of antiretroviral drugs as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a critical HIV prevention tool. However, safety data on new antiretrovirals during pregnancy are often limited because pregnant people are excluded from drug development studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza Other Respir Viruses
January 2025
Área de Investigación en Vacunas, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain.
SARS-CoV-2, which originated in China in late 2019, quickly fueled the global COVID-19 pandemic, profoundly impacting health and the economy worldwide. A series of vaccines, mostly based on the full SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, were rapidly developed, showing excellent humoral and cellular responses and high efficacy against both symptomatic infection and severe disease. However, viral evolution and the waning humoral neutralizing responses strongly challenged vaccine long term effectiveness, mainly against symptomatic infection, making necessary a strategy of repeated and updated booster shots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Vaccin Immunother
December 2025
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People' Hospital, Jining, China.
This bibliometric and visualization study provides a comprehensive analysis of global research hotspots and trends in DNA vaccine research from 2014 to 2024. By employing data sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection, we identified a total of 3,600 articles. Our analysis reveals a declining trend in annual publications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The limited efficacy of the two recently approved malaria vaccines, RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix- M™, highlights the need for alternative vaccine candidate genes. Plasmodium falciparum Reticulocyte Binding Protein Homologue 5 (Pfrh5) is a promising malaria vaccine candidate, given its limited polymorphism, its essential role in parasite survival, a lack of immune selection pressure and higher efficacy against multiple parasites strains. This study evaluated the genetic diversity of Pfrh5 gene among parasites from regions with varying malaria transmission intensities in Mainland Tanzania, to generate baseline data for this potential malaria vaccine candidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Sydani Initiative for International Development, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria.
Background: Evidence from literature has established that tracing lost to follow-up clients is an effective strategy for complementing other mechanisms for infectious disease control like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis, and other diseases such as Ebola. As a long-standing successful public health method of optimizing acceptance and/or adherence to infectious disease treatment tracing lost to follow-up clients is usually carried out by manually investigating individuals who absconded or are absent from treatments designed to manage and/or promote their health status. This study seeks to explore the role of mobile teams in tracing clients lost to follow-up for immunization.
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