The rabies vaccines containing neural elements are used in some countries including India. We report three cases that presented with various neurological complications following the use of these vaccines. The presenting manifestations included those of encephalitis, radiculitis and acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. These neurological complications are highlighted so that scientific evidence compels the community to discontinue the use of the neural tissue rabies vaccines. Newer generation cell culture rabies vaccines should be preferred over the neural tissue rabies vaccines for post-exposure prophylaxis.
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One Health
December 2024
Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Dog-mediated rabies is endemic in India. The country records the highest mortality due to dog-bite-related rabies despite the availability of interventions to prevent deaths. We present a case study of the death of a 59-year-old man in a suburban town of Northeast India after a dog bite from an owned pup.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
January 2025
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Background: Mass vaccination is a cornerstone of public health emergency preparedness and response. However, injudicious placement of vaccination sites can lead to the formation of long waiting lines or , which discourages individuals from waiting to be vaccinated and may thus jeopardize the achievement of public health targets. Queueing theory offers a framework for modeling queue formation at vaccination sites and its effect on vaccine uptake.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Replicate Bioscience Inc, San Diego, CA, USA.
Self-replicating RNA (srRNA) technology, in comparison to mRNA vaccines, has shown dose-sparing by approximately 10-fold and more durable immune responses. However, no improvements are observed in the adverse events profile. Here, we develop an srRNA vaccine platform with optimized non-coding regions and demonstrate immunogenicity and safety in preclinical and clinical development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Unicamillus, International School of Medicine, 00131 Rome, Italy.
Unlabelled: mRNA vaccines represent a milestone in the history of vaccinology, because they are safe, very effective, quick and cost-effective to produce, easy to adapt should the antigen vary, and able to induce humoral and cellular immunity.
Methods: To date, only two COVID-19 mRNA and one RSV vaccines have been approved. However, several mRNA vaccines are currently under development for the prevention of human viral (influenza, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, Zika, respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus/parainfluenza 3, Chikungunya, Nipah, rabies, varicella zoster virus, and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2), bacterial (tuberculosis), and parasitic (malaria) diseases.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Beijing 102629, China.
Background: The Vero cell rabies vaccine is currently the most widely used human rabies vaccine. However, owing to the presence of residual host cell DNA (HCD) in the final product and the potential tumorigenicity of the DNA of high-passage Vero cells, the WHO not only sets a limit on the number of times cells used in production can be passaged, but also imposes strict requirements on the amount of residual HCD in the final vaccine product.
Objectives: To systematically reduce the HCD level in the final vaccine product, multiple purification steps are included in the vaccine production process.
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