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To facilitate the characterization of cortical neuronal function, the responses of cells in cat area 17 to intracellular injection of current pulses were quantitatively analyzed. A variety of response variables were used to separate the cells into subtypes using cluster analysis. Four main classes of neurons could be clearly distinguished: regular spiking (RS), fast spiking (FS), intrinsic bursting (IB), and chattering (CH). Each of these contained significant subclasses. RS neurons were characterized by trains of action potentials that exhibited spike frequency adaptation. Morphologically, these cells were spiny stellate cells in layer 4 and pyramidal cells in layers 2, 3, 5, and 6. FS neurons had short-duration action potentials (<0.5 ms at half height), little or no spike frequency adaptation, and a steep relationship between injected current intensity and spike discharge frequency. Morphologically, these cells were sparsely spiny or aspiny nonpyramidal cells. IB neurons typically generated a low frequency (<425 Hz) burst of spikes at the beginning of a depolarizing current pulse followed by a tonic train of action potentials for the remainder of the pulse. These cells were observed in all cortical layers, but were most abundant in layer 5. Finally, CH neurons generated repetitive, high-frequency (350-700 Hz) bursts of short-duration (<0.55 ms) action potentials. Morphologically, these cells were layer 2-4 (mainly layer 3) pyramidal or spiny stellate neurons. These results indicate that firing properties do not form a continuum and that cortical neurons are members of distinct electrophysiological classes and subclasses.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00580.2002 | DOI Listing |
J Gen Physiol
March 2025
University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5261, INSERM U-1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène - Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle , Lyon, France.
The potential pathogenic role of disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) remains a complex, unsettled issue. We used muscle fibers isolated from 3-mo-old DMDmdx rats to further investigate the case. Most DMDmdx fibers exhibited no sign of trophic or morphology distinction as compared with WT fibers and mitochondria and t-tubule membrane networks also showed no stringent discrepancy.
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Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner-Str., 82319, Seewiesen, Germany.
Zebra finches undergo a gradual refinement of their vocalizations, transitioning from variable juvenile songs to the stereotyped song of adulthood. To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying song crystallization-a critical phase in this developmental process-we performed intracellular recordings in HVC (a premotor nucleus essential for song learning and production) of juvenile birds. We then compared these recordings to previously published electrophysiological data from adult birds.
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Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Myotonia congenita, both in a dominant (Thomsen disease) and recessive form (Becker disease), is caused by molecular defects in that encodes the major skeletal muscle chloride channel, ClC-1. This channel is important for the normal repolarization of muscle action potentials and consequent relaxation of the muscle, and its dysfunction leads to impaired muscle relaxation after voluntary or evoked contraction and muscle stiffness. More than 300 pathogenic variants have been found in association with congenital myotonia, inherited as recessive or dominant traits (with complete or incomplete penetrance).
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State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Nondestructive Testing and Structural Integrity Evaluation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049 China.
Over the past decade, most of researches on the communication between the neurons are based on synapses. However, the changes in action potentials in neurons may produce complex electromagnetic fields in the media, which may also have an impact on the electrical activity of neurons. To explore this factor, we construct a two-layer neuronal network composed of identical Hindmarsh-Rose neurons.
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December 2024
Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China.
The decoding of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, especially motion-related cortical potentials (MRCP), is vital for the early detection of motor intent before movement execution. To enhance the decoding accuracy of MRCP and promote the application of early motion intention in active rehabilitation training, we propose a method for decoding MRCP signals. Specifically, an experimental paradigm is designed for the efficient capture of MRCP signals.
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