A crystal optical study of the cystic bile under the conditions of compulsory dehydration in patients with acalculous cholecystitis made it possible to determine selective markers of lithogenic dyscholia according to the bile oversaturation with cholesterol, bilirubin and calcium. Chronic acalculous cholecystitis (CAC) is a chronic polyetiologic inflammatory disease of the gall-bladder (GB) combined with motor-tonic impairments of the bile-excreting tract function and with changes of physical and chemical properties and biochemical bile structure (dyscholia). CAC contributes to cholestasia, metabolic disorders and formation of calculi. The identification of lithogenic bile properties and early, pre-clinical diagnostics of cholelithiasis remain as urgent as before. Complicated physical and chemical methods are used for diagnostics of cholelithiasis: nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, laser quasielastic scattering, electron microscope studies, gel-distribution chromatography. At present these methods are inaccessible for wide practical application due to their high cost. At the same time it is known that the diagnostics of cholelithiasis at early stages can be based on the detection of liquid crystalline structures in the bile. The object of this study was an early crystal optical diagnostics of dyscholia in patients with CAC and detection of bile lithogenicity markers.
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