[Vascular dysplasia in vascular surgery in an African area: 28 cases at the Dakar teaching hospital].

This retrospective study was conducted to analyze the anatomic and clinical data concerning vascular dysplasia in vascular surgery patients seen in an African hospital and to assess its role in treatment. Twenty-eight patients (14 women and 14 men) were treated for vascular dysplasia between 1994 and 1998. There were 8 cases of hemangioma and 20 cases of vascular malformation. Average age of patients with hemangioma was 3.23 years, with a sex ratio of 0.33. There were 4 cases of mixed hemangioma, 3 of cutaneous hemangioma, and 1 of subcutaneous hemangioma. Cervicocephalic (n=4) and limb (n=3) localizations were the most frequent. Duplex Doppler did not reveal any signs of muscle disease. Four patients underwent surgery, for an early indication in 3 and a late indication in 1. Resection suture was performed in 3 cases and resection graft in one. Mean follow-up was 85.90 days. There was one case of early suppuration. There were no cases of recurrence or late complications and the operative wounds healed well. Vascular malformations concerned 20 patients (sex ratio 1.5, average age 15.55 years) with 16 cases of venous malformation including 4 patients with Klippel Trenaunay syndrome, three with arteriovenous malformation and one with capillary angioma. CT and arteriography were obtained in all cases. Limb localizations predominated (14 patients). In-depth extension was found in 6 cases of venous malformation. Sixteen patients underwent surgery for functional indications in 7. Resection suture was performed in 11 cases. Mean follow-up was 85.90 days. There were 4 early and 2 late postoperative complications. There has been no recurrence. Anatomic and clinical polymorphism of vascular dysplasia requires multidisciplinary collaboration in which vascular surgery plays an important role in complex or complicated forms of the disease in patients attending facilities with limited resources.