Kikuchi-Fujimoto's disease is a rare self-limited condition of young adults that usually involves the cervical lymph nodes and is associated with fever, rash and some haematological alterations. Diagnosis is based on characteristic pathologic findings that permit differentiation of this disease from lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematous and infectious lymphadenopathies. We describe a case of 7 year-old female presenting with cervical localization of Kikuchi-Fujimoto's disease. To our knowledge, this case results the earliest affection of this disease. Our proposal with this article is to remind the pediatricians and pediatric surgeons of this poorly recognized entity when children ask for cervical masses and fever.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto's Disease: A Rare and Underdiagnosed Condition with Possible Renal Involvement.

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Consultant Nephrologist at Healthbay Polyclinic Jumeirah ‒ 1-6 Al Wasl Rd ‒ Umm Al Sheif, Dubai, Emirati Arabi Uniti (UAE).

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), or Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis, is a rare disease, with worldwide distribution but is best known in Japan and South Asia. The most common feature is cervical lymphadenopathy, accompanied by tenderness or high fever, with night sweats, but it can also be asymptomatic or with a very wide range of symptoms. The diagnosis is histopathological, on excisional biopsy.

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Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is considered one of the rare benign conditions of unknown etiology presenting with the triad of cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and weight loss. The inciting cause continues to be elusive. One of the leading thoughts is that it may be a post-infectious immune response of T-cells and histocytes.

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Background: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare, self-limiting inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that is characterized by fever and painful lymphadenopathy. KFD commonly involves the posterior cervical region and very rarely occurs in the axilla.

Case Presentation: We report on a case of KFD that presented 3 weeks after receiving the messenger ribonucleic acid-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A case study detailed a 41-year-old woman who developed symptoms of KFD following a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, including cervical lymphadenopathy, rash, and elevated blood markers.
  • * Diagnosis of KFD is primarily through lymph node biopsy, and further research is needed to explore the connection between KFD and SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the importance of considering prior infections in diagnosis.
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A 54-year-old African American male with systemic lupus erythematosus and chronic alcoholic hepatitis presented with recurrent fever, pancytopenia, transaminitis, weight loss, and widespread violaceous tender plaques. Skin biopsy revealed hemophagocytic histiocytes leading to a diagnosis of cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis in the setting of lupus panniculitis. During workup, an axillary lymph node biopsy mimicked Kikuchi-Fujimoto's disease.

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