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Exercise training improves insulin sensitivity, but individual responses vary greatly. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a regulator of adipose cell differentiation and plays an important role in systemic insulin action. We investigated whether PPARgamma gene polymorphism affects insulin resistance in response to exercise in Japanese healthy men. The exercise program at an individual intensity of 50% of the maximal heart rate was performed for 20 to 60 min/d, and 2 to 3 days per week to attain a level of physical activity of 700 kcal/wk. The program was conducted for 3 months without any dietary intervention, and the clinical and metabolic characteristics were examined before and after the exercise program. Body mass index (BMI) did not change significantly after the exercise program, whereas percentage of body fat (% body fat), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and serum leptin levels decreased significantly. Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARgamma gene was performed on genomic DNA isolated from human leukocytes and examined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent restriction enzyme analysis using BstU-I. In this study, the Ala allele did not correlate with fasting immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-R) at baseline, but did so with the changes in IRI and HOMA-R after exercise (DeltaIRI, Pro/Pro 0.55 +/- 3.49 microU/mL v Pro/Ala -2.83 +/- 1.47 microU/mL, P <.05; DeltaHOMA-R, Pro/Pro 0.09 +/- 0.86 v Pro/Ala -0.61 +/- 0.32, P <.05). This result suggests that the Ala allele is associated with improvement in insulin resistance after exercise. We conclude that PPARgamma gene polymorphism may be a reliable indicator of whether exercise will have a beneficial effect as part of the treatment of insulin resistance syndrome.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/meta.2003.50038 | DOI Listing |
J Med Chem
December 2024
Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation & Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China.
Recent studies have identified selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) modulators, which synergistically engage in the inhibition mechanism of PPARγ-Ser273 phosphorylation, as a promising approach for developing safer and more effective antidiabetic drugs. Herein, we present the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new class of organo-Se compounds, namely, benzothiaselenazole-1-oxides (BTSAs), acting as potent, reversible, and selective PPARγ covalent modulators. Notably, , especially , displayed a high binding affinity and superior antidiabetic effects with diminished side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address:
Lactobacillus plantarum KX041 is a probiotics obtained from early screening, which can relieve inflammation and enrich the anti-obesity intestinal flora, and produce high yield of exopolysaccharides (EPS). The extraction, structure and physicochemical properties of EPS have been completed earlier. However, whether the functional activity of L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheriogenology
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China. Electronic address:
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the regulation of early embryonic development in mammals. However, the effect of lipid metabolism mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) on the early embryonic development of sheep remains unclear. In this study, rosiglitazone (RSG), a PPARγ activator, was added to the in vitro embryo culture (IVC) medium to regulate the continuous expression of PPARγ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Pathog
December 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, P.R. China.
Schistosomiasis is characterized by egg-induced hepatic granulomas and subsequent fibrosis. Monocyte-derived macrophages play critical and plastic roles in the progression and regression of liver fibrosis, adopting different polarization phenotypes. Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1), a serine/threonine kinase, has been established to act as a negative regulator of macrophage-associated inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Mol Med
December 2024
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Tetracarpidium conophorum nuts are nutrient-dense Nigerian snacks associated with weight regulation. This study explores the nuts' impact on adipose tissue gene expression associated with low-grade inflammation. Ethanol whole extract (EWE), ethyl-acetate fraction (EAF) and the resulting residue (RES) were orally administered once daily to MSG-induced obese rats for 6 weeks (n = 6).
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