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Memory CD8+ T cells provide an early source of IFN-gamma. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • During early infection phases, NK and NKT cells primarily produce IFN-gamma in response to pathogens, but CD8(+) T cells also play a significant role.
  • In studies with LPS-injected mice, approximately 30% of IFN-gamma-producing cells in the spleen and around 70% in lymph nodes were identified as CD8(+) T cells, particularly those with a memory phenotype (CD44(high)).
  • CD8(+) T cells produce IFN-gamma independently of MHC class I and likely respond to LPS indirectly via signals from macrophages and dendritic cells, indicating their contribution to early innate immunity against both bacterial and viral pathogens.

Article Abstract

During the non-Ag-specific early phase of infection, IFN-gamma is believed to be primarily provided by NK and NKT cells in response to pathogen-derived inflammatory mediators. To test whether other cell types were involved in early IFN-gamma release, IFN-gamma-producing cells were visualized in spleens and lymph nodes of LPS-injected mice. In addition to NK and NKT cells, IFN-gamma was also detected in a significant fraction of CD8(+) T cells. CD8(+) T cells represented the second major population of IFN-gamma-producing cells in the spleen ( approximately 30%) and the majority of IFN-gamma(+) cells in the lymph nodes ( approximately 70%). LPS-induced IFN-gamma production by CD8(+) T cells was MHC class I independent and was restricted to CD44(high) (memory phenotype) cells. Experiments performed with C3H/HeJ (LPS-nonresponder) mice suggested that CD8(+) T cells responded to LPS indirectly through macrophage/dendritic cell-derived IFN-alpha/beta, IL-12, and IL-18. IFN-gamma was also detected in memory CD8(+) T cells from mice injected with type I IFN or with poly(I:C), a synthetic dsRNA that mimics early activation by RNA viruses. Taken together, these results suggest that in response to bacterial and viral products, memory T cells may contribute to innate immunity by providing an early non-Ag-specific source of IFN-gamma.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.170.5.2399DOI Listing

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