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Fungal effector genes involved in the suppression of chitin signaling as novel targets for the control of powdery mildew disease via a nontransgenic RNA interference approach.
Pest Manag Sci
January 2025
Dpto. Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Background: Chitin is a crucial component of fungal cell walls and an effective elicitor of plant immunity; however, phytopathogenic fungi have developed virulence mechanisms to counteract the activation of this plant defensive response. In this study, the molecular mechanism of chitin-induced suppression through effectors involved in chitin deacetylases (CDAs) and their degradation (EWCAs) was investigated with the idea of developing novel dsRNA-biofungicides to control the cucurbit powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii.
Results: The molecular mechanisms associated with the silencing effect of the PxCDA and PxEWCAs genes were first studied through dsRNA cotyledon infiltration assays, which revealed a ≈80% reduction in fungal biomass and a 50% decrease in gene expression.
Silencing of the plant-derived horizontally transferred gene BtSC5DL effectively controls Bemisia tabaci MED.
Pest Manag Sci
January 2025
College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
Background: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a notorious agricultural pest known for its ability to cause significant crop damage through direct feeding and virus transmission. Its remarkable adaptability and reproductive capacity are linked to its ability to acquire and integrate horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) into its genome. These HTGs increase the physiological and metabolic capacities of this pest, including cholesterol synthesis, which is critical for its survival and reproductive success.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWTAP-Mediated m6A Modification of TRAIL-DR4 Suppresses MH7A Cell Apoptosis.
Int J Rheum Dis
January 2025
The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most conserved internal RNA modifications, which has been implicated in many biological processes, such as apoptosis and proliferation. Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP), as a key component of m6A methylation, is a nuclear protein that has been associated with the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic, infiltrating autoimmune disease, is characterized by synovial hyperplasia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGroup V Chitin Deacetylases Are Responsible for the Structure and Barrier Function of the Gut Peritrophic Matrix in the Chinese Oak Silkworm .
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Liaoning Engineering and Technology Research Center for Insect Resources, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
Chitin deacetylases (CDAs) are carbohydrate esterases associated with chitin metabolism and the conversion of chitin into chitosan. Studies have demonstrated that chitin deacetylation is essential for chitin organization and compactness and therefore influences the mechanical and permeability properties of chitinous structures, such as the peritrophic membrane (PM) and cuticle. In the present study, two genes ( and ) encoding CDA protein isoforms were identified and characterized in Chinese oak silkworm () larvae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Synergy of Chitosan and Azoxystrobin Against Is Modulated by Selected ABC Transporters.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- Innovative strategies are needed to combat fungal pathogens for sustainable crop protection, with traditional fungicides facing resistance issues due to their single-target action.
- The study investigated the synergistic effects of chitosan (CS) and the fungicide azoxystrobin, finding a high synergy score that significantly improves antifungal efficacy.
- Additionally, combining CS and azoxystrobin with RNA interference techniques enhanced fungal control, highlighting a promising eco-friendly approach and the need for further research on its molecular mechanisms.
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