Population genetic studies were performed in Xinjiang's Uygur, Sibe, Ozbek and Kirgiz. Allele frequency distributions were analyzed for ten loci, i.e., D3S1358, VWA, CSF1PO, FGA, THO1, TPOX, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820 by GeneScan. The results showed that there were 66 STR alleles and 148 genotypes in Uygur; 72 STR alleles and 163 genotypes in Sibe; 65 STR alleles and 168 genotypes in Ozbek; 71 STR alleles and 191 genotypes in Kirgiz. Significant differences were identified among ethnic groups (African-American, US-Caucasian and Chinese-Oriental), but similarity was found among the four Xinjiang population. These findings indicated that the nine STR loci and Amelogenin locus were very useful for individual identification in forensic science. It is further certified that Chinese nationality is a whole.
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