Background: Cytological findings of elastofibroma have rarely been reported and, to the best of our knowledge, have been illustrated in only 4 patients in the English language literature.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and scrape smears in 5 cases of elastofibroma.
Results: All the lesions were typically located between the rib cage and the scapula. The cytological smears consisted of mature adipocytes, fibroblasts, collagen fibers, globular bodies and characteristic "braid-like" or "fern-like" structures, revealing degenerative elastic fibers. All the smears were specifically diagnosed as elastofibroma in combination with clinical and radiological findings.
Conclusion: FNAB smears of elastofibromas may be hypocellular due to their densely fibrous nature and therefore diagnostic material may often be overlooked. Careful evaluation of the background of the smears coupled with full knowledge of the clinical and radiological findings, including magnetic resonance imaging, is required to establish the correct diagnosis.
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