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Genetic variation in IL-4 activated tissue resident macrophages determines strain-specific synergistic responses to LPS epigenetically.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Type 2 Immunity Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
How macrophages in the tissue environment integrate multiple stimuli depends on the genetic background of the host, but this is still poorly understood. We investigate IL-4 activation of male C57BL/6 and BALB/c strain specific in vivo tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) from the peritoneal cavity. C57BL/6 TRMs are more transcriptionally responsive to IL-4 stimulation, with induced genes associated with more super enhancers, induced enhancers, and topologically associating domains (TAD) boundaries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting EBV Episome for Anti-Cancer Therapy: Emerging Strategies and Challenges.
Viruses
January 2025
Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
As a ubiquitous human pathogen, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has established lifelong persistent infection in about 95% of the adult population. The EBV infection is associated with approximately 200,000 human cancer cases and 140,000 deaths per year. The presence of EBV in tumor cells provides a unique advantage in targeting the viral genome (also known as episome), to develop anti-cancer therapeutics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEosinophilic Esophagitis and Cow's Milk: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Treatment Perspectives.
Nutrients
January 2025
Allergy Diseases Research Area, Pediatric Allergology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic, antigen-driven, immune-mediated disease characterized by esophageal dysfunction and significant eosinophilic infiltration. Its rising incidence and prevalence over recent decades reflect both increased clinical awareness and the influence of environmental factors such as dietary patterns and allergen exposure. Among food allergens, cow's milk proteins are the most commonly implicated triggers, contributing to esophageal inflammation through complex immunological pathways involving both IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Alternative Mode of GPCR Transactivation: Activation of GPCRs by Adhesion GPCRs.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), critical for cellular communication and signaling, represent the largest cell surface protein family and play important roles in numerous pathophysiological processes. Consequently, GPCRs have become a primary focus in drug discovery efforts. Beyond their traditional G protein-dependent signaling pathways, GPCRs are also capable of activating alternative signaling mechanisms, including G protein-independent signaling, biased signaling, and signaling crosstalk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Involvement of Glutamate-mGluR5 Signaling in the Development of Vulvar Hypersensitivity.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Azriele Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel.
Provoked vulvodynia (PV) is the leading cause of vulvar pain and dyspareunia. The etiology of PV is multifactorial and remains poorly understood. PV is associated with a history of repeated vulvar inflammation and is often accompanied by sensory neuromodulation as a result of activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the sensory nerve terminals.
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