AI Article Synopsis
- The study explores how small objects moving through fluids create capillary-gravity waves, focusing on the wave resistance that occurs when the object's speed exceeds a certain threshold (V(c)).
- The researchers observe that the wave resistance force gradually increases as the object's speed approaches this threshold and complies with a specific mathematical relationship different from existing theories.
- The findings also demonstrate that data from various fluids and object sizes can be normalized to fit a single curve, indicating a consistent behavior in wave generation and resistance across different conditions.
Article Abstract
The onset of the wave resistance via the generation of capillary-gravity waves by a small object moving with a velocity V is investigated experimentally. Due to the existence of a minimum phase velocity V(c) for surface waves, the problem is similar to the generation of rotons in superfluid helium near their minimum. In both cases, waves or rotons are produced at V>V(c) due to Cherenkov radiation. We find that the transition to the wave drag state is continuous: in the vicinity of the bifurcation the wave resistance force is proportional to sqrt[V-V(c)] for various fluids. This observation contradicts the theory of Raphaël and de Gennes. We also find that the reduced wave drag force for different fluids and different ball size may be scaled in such a way that all the data collapse on a single curve. The capillary-gravity wave pattern and the shape of the wave-generating region are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Good agreement between the theory and the experimental data is found in this case.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.66.051204 | DOI Listing |
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